Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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How do erosion and deposition work together to form sand dunes?

A
Waves cause erosion along coastlines and deposit sand away from the shore.
B
Erosion occurs as surface water carries sediment and the sediment is deposited near oceans and lakes.
C
Glaciers cause erosion through the movement of large chunks of ice, which are deposited and form depressions.
D
Erosion occurs through deflation, and sand that was picked up is deposited against an obstruction.
2
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Which statement explains how planets move in orbit as supported by Newton’s first law of motion?

A
Planets can change the direction of their own orbital path.
B
Planets can change orbits due to their inertia.
C
Planets in motion will have a constant speed unless acted on by an outside force.
D
Planets with a greater mass will orbit more quickly than smaller planets.
3

Look at the diagram of the moon and three different paths that it could take.

Question illustration
A
the path of the moon toward the Sun
B
the path of the moon’s orbit around Earth
C
the path the moon would take if it had a larger mass than the Sun
D
the path the moon would take if there was no force of Earth’s gravity
4

Which process is responsible for changing the composition of rock?

A
erosion
B
abrasion
C
chemical weathering
D
mechanical weathering
5

Which condition leads to a slower rate of weathering?

A
porous rocks
B
cold climates
C
hard minerals
D
high temperatures
6

Jared is experimenting with a force that is attractive only and the weakest of the fundamental forces. He is experimenting with which force?

A
electromagnetic
B
strong
C
gravitational
D
weak
7

Which formation is one feature of karst topography?

A
caves
B
kettles
C
meanders
D
oxbow lakes
8

Which particle has a high rate of deposition?

A
a low-density particle
B
a small particle falling off a cliff
C
a particle with jagged, rough ends
D
a large round particle settling on a surface
9

Scientists use a substance called Iodine-131 to treat cancer. As Iodine-131 undergoes radioactive decay and emits beta particles, it kill cancer cells.

A
strong
B
weak
C
gravitational
D
electromagnetic
10

Which statement best describes a characteristic of deposition?

A
Sediment settles in a new place due to size, water speed, and land shape.
B
Sediment is removed from a new surface location.
C
Moving water affects where sediment travels.
D
Rocks are broken into smaller particles.
11

Which correctly lists the three processes that are affected by freeze and thaw cycles?

A
creep, landslide, and deposition
B
deposition, creep, and weathering
C
landslide, slump, and deposition
D
slump, weathering, and creep
12

A city experiences a heavy rainfall. Days later, when no rainwater is present, rock, debris, and soil fall down a steep hill.Which type of mass movement does this describe?

A
creep
B
landslide
C
mudflow
D
slump
13

At which location would an object’s weight be the greatest?

A
on Pluto
B
on Earth
C
on the Sun
D
on the moon
14

Which process is defined as breaking down rocks into smaller pieces without changing the rocks' compositions?

A
erosion
B
oxidation
C
chemical weathering
D
mechanical weathering
15

Which describes sand?

A
fine-grained
B
retains water
C
water drains quickly
D
good for growing crops
16

Which feature is created by deposition from rivers?

A
rills
B
meanders
C
alluvial fans
D
gullies
17

How do erosion and deposition work together to create a moraine?

A
Waves cause erosion along coastlines and deposit sand away from the shore.
B
Surface water in rivers causes erosion, carrying sediment that gets deposited near an ocean.
C
Glaciers cause erosion as they melt, carrying sediment that gets deposited in a thick layer.
D
Winds cause erosion by blowing around sand that gets deposited in large piles.
18

Anna drew a diagram to compare the strong and weak force.

Question illustration
A
X: infinite rangeY: attractive and repulsiveZ: very small range
B
X: attractive onlyY: very small rangeZ: attractive and repulsive
C
X: attractive and repulsiveY: infinite rangeZ: attractive only
D
X: very small rangeY: attractive onlyZ: infinite range
19

When two objects are near each other, how would increasing one object’s mass affect it?

A
The shape of the object would change.
B
The weight of the object would decrease.
C
The gravitational force of the object would increase.
D
The mass of the object would be stronger than gravity.
20

Which force keeps molecules in a fluid together?

A
weak
B
electromagnetic
C
strong
D
nuclear

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