AnswersNY-Chemistry Term 1 HillcrestUnit Test

Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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1
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Which characteristic is given by the angular momentum quantum number?

A
orbital size
B
orbital mass
C
orbital shape
D
orbital orientation
2
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Which scientist is known for developing the planetary model of the atom?

A
Niels Bohr
B
Albert Einstein
C
Johannes Rydberg
D
Robert Millikan
3

In which orbitals would the valence electrons for selenium (Se) be placed?

A
s orbital and f orbital
B
s orbital only
C
s orbital and p orbital
D
d orbital only
4

To show the electron configuration for an atom, when would it be better to use an orbital notation than to use a written configuration with numbers, letters, and superscripts?

A
when the aim is to use less space
B
when the aim is to show electron spins
C
when the aim is to show orbital shapes in subshells
D
when the aim is to show electron distributions in shells
5

Among the elements of the main group, the general trend in the first ionization energy moving across a period is not followed between group 2 and group 13. Which best explains these exceptions?

A
The ionization energy decreases because the full s orbital shields the electron entering the p orbital.
B
The ionization energy increases because the full s orbital shields the electron entering the p orbital.
C
The ionization energy decreases because the stability of the half-full p subshell is increased.
D
The ionization energy increases because the stability of the half-full p subshell is increased.
6

The diagram below shows some subatomic particles.Which of these statements best identifies the particle that is labeled with an X?

Question illustration
A
It is either a nucleus or a proton.
B
It is either a proton or a neutron.
C
It is either a neutron or an electron.
D
It is either an electron or a nucleus.
7

Which best explains why ionization energy tends to decrease from the top to the bottom of a group?

A
The number of orbitals decreases.
B
The number of neutrons decreases.
C
Electrons get closer to the nucleus.
D
Electrons get farther from the nucleus.
8

Iron, an element with the chemical symbol Fe, is an important element. It is used to make steel and is part of the substance that transports oxygen throughout the human body.Which statement about Fe is supported by the modern atomic theory but not John Dalton’s theory?

A
The element iron is composed of small particles called atoms.
B
The electrons of iron have probable locations in a region of space around the nucleus.
C
Iron atoms combine with other atoms in whole number ratios to form compounds.
D
Chemical reactions that involve iron do not create new atoms of iron.
9

The elements of which group are nonreactive?

A
halogens
B
alkaline earth metals
C
noble gases
D
alkali metals
10

Which statement best describes how electrons fill orbitals in the periodic table?

A
Electrons fill orbitals in order of their increasing energy from left to right.
B
Electrons fill orbitals in order of their increasing energy from right to left.
C
Elements fill orbitals in order of increasing energy from top to bottom in each group.
D
Elements fill orbitals in order of increasing energy from bottom to top in each group.
11

A single atom of an element has 11 protons, 11 electrons, and 12 neutrons. Which element is it?

A
V
B
Na
C
Mg
D
Se
12

Which element is the most reactive?

A
sodium
B
nickel
C
carbon
D
oxygen
13

Which is a correct set of values of m for one of the subshells of n = 2?

A
–1, 0, 1
B
–1, –2, 0, 1, 2
C
–1, –2, –3, 0, 1, 2, 3
D
–1, –2, –3, –4, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
14

Which set of numbers gives the correct possible values of l for n = 2?

A
0
B
0, 1
C
0, 1, 2
D
0, 1, 2, 3
15

How did Niels Bohr describe electrons in his atomic model?

A
Their energies can have any values.
B
Their exact positions cannot be known.
C
They have high probability to be found in certain regions.
D
They orbit the central nucleus in discrete paths.
16

Which element has 32 protons in its nucleus?

A
phosphorus
B
cobalt
C
germanium
D
sulfur
17

Hydrogen has three isotopes 1H, 2H, and 3H. What is the difference between these three isotopes?

A
The number of protons ranges from 1 to 3.
B
The number of electrons ranges from 1 to 3.
C
The number of neutrons ranges from 0 to 2.
D
The number of protons ranges from 0 to 2.
18

What is the atomic number of zirconium?

A
39
B
40
C
41
D
42
19

Which element has the largest atomic radius?

A
As
B
N
C
P
D
Sb
20

When electrons are removed from the outermost shell of a calcium atom, the atom becomes

A
an anion that has a larger radius than the atom.
B
an anion that has a smaller radius than the atom.
C
a cation that has a larger radius than the atom.
D
a cation that has a smaller radius than the atom.

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