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Read the historical fact to make a text to world connection. The Cold War (1947-1991) was fought to contain the spread of communism and deter nuclear attack; subsequently it created a stockpiling of arms and munitions.Then, read the excerpt from Michio Kaku’s book Visions: How Science Will Revolutionize the 21st Century.There was also a sense of urgency. The Pentagon was worried that the shattered remains of the Soviet Union might be rebuilt before the United States. Following a nuclear war, there would be a race to see who could rebuild their country first. In a scenario of two dazed boxers lying flat on their backs, slowly regaining consciousness, the winner of World War III would be that country which could stand on its feet first (and so go on to win World War IV). Therefore, the Pentagon’s priority was to provide scientists with a way to rebuild the country as fast as possible, unimpeded by unnecessary restrictions.Which detail from the excerpt of Michio Kaku’s book provides the most cultural context about the Cold War?

A
There was also a sense of urgency.
B
The Pentagon was worried that the shattered remains of the Soviet Union might be rebuilt before the United States.
C
In a scenario of two dazed boxers lying flat on their backs. . . .
D
The winner of World War III would be that country which could stand on its feet first.
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Read the excerpt from "How the Internet and Other Technologies Came About."Because most cities would no longer exist, messages would have to be broken up into pieces, scattered throughout the system, moved around cities that no longer existed, and then reassembled at the destination. ARPA combined these ideas with an existing system to create what is now called e-mail.Which reading strategy would most help in comprehending the excerpt?

A
breaking it up into shorter sentences and phrases
B
continuing to read and hope it makes sense later
C
relating the content to personal experience
D
rewriting each line by hand
3

Read the excerpt from “Like Mexicans.”We talk for an hour and had apple pie and coffee, slowly. Finally, we got up with Carolyn taking my hand. Slightly embarrassed, I tried to pull away but her grip held me. I let her have her way as she led me down the hallway with her mother right behind me. . . . Carolyn waved again. I looked, back, waving. . . . Her people were like Mexicans, only different.Which best explains how Soto’s text structure helps establish his voice in the excerpt?

A
Soto compares his experience to his wife’s experience in order to criticize marriage in a multicultural society.
B
Soto lists a series of events to present guidelines on how to live in a multicultural society.
C
Soto relates a story from his life to make a point about what it means to live in a multicultural society.
D
Soto uses a cause-and-effect format to show how a person’s heritage can limit his or her marriage choices.
4

Read the excerpt from Judith Ortiz Cofer’s poem “El Olvido.” a bare, cold room with no pictures on the walls, a forgetting place where she fears you will die of loneliness and exposure. Jesús, María, y José, she says, el olvido is a dangerous thing.Which strategy would be most helpful in enhancing the reader’s comprehension of the poem?

A
skimming the lines for familiar words
B
establishing the meaning of words in English and Spanish
C
breaking the lines into shorter phrases
D
rewriting each line by hand
5

Read the excerpt from Gary Soto’s story "Like Mexicans."My grandmother gave me bad advice and good advice when I was in my early teens. For the bad advice, she said that I should become a barber because they made good money and listened to the radio all day. “Honey, they don’t work como burros,” she would say every time I visited her. She made the sound of donkeys braying. “Like that, honey!” For the good advice, she said that I should marry a Mexican girl. “No Okies, hijo”—she would say— “Look, my son. He marry one and they fight every day about I don’t know what and I don’t know what.” For her, everyone who wasn’t Mexican, black, or Asian were Okies. The French were Okies, the Italians in suits were Okies. . . . she lectured me on the virtues of the Mexican girl.What inference can be made about the grandmother’s point of view in this excerpt?

A
She is eager to assimilate herself and her family into mainstream US culture.
B
She is unwilling to embrace any aspect of multiculturalism because she detests US culture.
C
She wants to preserve her family’s Mexican culture even though she no longer lives in Mexico.
D
She believes that marrying an “Okie” is equivalent to ruining any prospects of financial success.
6

Read the excerpt from “First Generation” of Dreaming in Cuban.She considers the vagaries of sports, the happenstance of El Líder, a star pitcher in his youth, narrowly missing a baseball career in America. His wicked curveball attracted the major league scouts, and the Washington Senators were interested in signing him but changed their minds. Frustrated, El Líder went home, rested his pitching arm, and started a revolution in the mountains.Read the excerpt from “Like Mexicans.”We talked for an hour and had apple pie and coffee, slowly. Finally, we got up with Carolyn taking my hand. Slightly embarrassed, I tried to pull away but her grip held me. I let her have her way as she led me down the hallway with her mother right behind me. . . . Carolyn waved again. I looked, back, waving. . . . Her people were like Mexicans, only different.Which best states how the structures of the excerpts are similar?

A
Each relates an anecdote to appeal to the reader’s emotions.
B
Each presents factual evidence to appeal to the reader’s logic.
C
Each documents career credentials to appeal to the reader’s ethics.
D
Each discusses a political event to appeal to the reader’s logic.
7

What best summarizes the central idea of the passage from "Like Mexicans"?

A
People from different ethnicities have a difficult time understanding each other.
B
People can be of different ethnicities and still have shared life experiences.
C
People should marry based on shared ethnicity to maintain their own cultures.
D
People should ignore their ethnicities to develop one common culture.
8

Read the excerpt from "Like Mexicans."We had lunch: sandwiches, potato chips, and iced tea. Carolyn and her mother talked mostly about neighbors and the congregation at the Japanese Methodist Church in West Fresno. Her father, who was in khaki work clothes, excused himself with a wave that was almost a salute and went outside. I heard a truck start, a dog bark, and the truck rattle away.How does Soto build a central idea of his story in the excerpt?

A
By showing how Carolyn’s family lives in a way that is strange to him, Soto supports the idea that culture causes conflict between people.
B
By showing how Carolyn’s family lives in a way that is boring to him, Soto supports the idea that people from different cultures do not share interests.
C
By showing how Carolyn’s family lives in a way that is familiar to him, Soto supports the idea that people from different cultures can also share a culture.
D
By showing how Carolyn’s family lives in a way that is similar to him, Soto supports the idea that there are very few differences among cultures.
9

Read the excerpt from Gary Soto’s short story "Like Mexicans.”My grandmother gave me bad advice and good advice when I was in my early teens. For the bad advice, she said that I should become a barber because they made good money and listened to the radio all day. “Honey, they don’t work como burros,” she would say every time I visited her. She made the sound of donkeys braying. “Like that, honey!” For the good advice, she said that I should marry a Mexican girl. “No Okies, hijo”—she would say— “Look, my son. He marry one and they fight every day about I don’t know what and I don’t know what.” For her, everyone who wasn’t Mexican, black, or Asian were Okies. The French were Okies, the Italians in suits were Okies. . . . she lectured me on the virtues of the Mexican girl.The complex narrative structure used in the excerpt is an example of

A
acknowledging the story as fictional.
B
several narrators being used.
C
establishing a work of fiction that is based on nonfiction.
D
the chronological order of events being manipulated.
10

What best summarizes the central idea of the passage from "How the Internet and Other Technologies Came About"?

A
Technological advancement is a side effect of military efforts to win wars.
B
Technological advancement is a side effect of academic competition between countries.
C
Technological advancement is a side effect of economic competition between countries.
D
Technological advancement is a side effect of profit-driven corporations.
11

Read the excerpt from “How the Internet and Other Technologies Came About.”In a scenario of two dazed boxers lying flat on their backs, slowly regaining consciousness, the winner of World War III would be that country which could stand on its feet first (and so go on to win World War VI). Therefore, the pentagon’s priority was to provide scientists with a way to rebuild the country as fast as possible, unimpeded by unnecessary restrictions.Which type of rhetoric is used most in this excerpt to convince readers of the author’s point of view?

A
an appeal to logic
B
an appeal to the author’s character
C
an appeal to emotion
D
an appeal to ethics
12

Read the excerpt from Julia Ortiz Cofer’s poem "El Olvido."It is dangerousto spurn the clothes you were born to wearfor the sake of fashion; dangerousto use weapons and sharp instrumentsyou are not familiar with; dangerousto disdain the plaster saintsbefore which your mother kneelspraying with embarrassing fervorthat you survive in the place you have chosen to live:The items listed in this excerpt symbolize

A
the ways of life that are unfamiliar to the speaker.
B
the fervent religious beliefs of the speaker’s mother.
C
the speaker’s desire to forget embarrassing traditions.
D
the traditions and customs of the speaker’s native land.
13

Read the excerpt from "How the Internet and Other Technologies Came About."Tanks and submarines were easily simulated, since looking through goggles wasn’t very much different from looking through a pair of binoculars or a periscope. Since the first head-mounted display was built for the Pentagon in 1968, primitive versions of virtual reality have since proliferated to video arcades around the country.Which information from the excerpt best supports the inference that certain video games resulted from issues related to national security?

A
There has been a marked increase in war-themed games since the military developed conflict-based simulators.
B
There has been a marked increase in the development of new forms of entertainment since cuts to military spending have occurred.
C
There has been a marked increase in virtual reality games since the military developed conflict-based simulators.
D
There has been a marked increase in new forms of entertainment since the military’s budget was increased.
14

Read the excerpt from Cristina Garcia’s Dreaming in Cuban.I don’t really want to talk about my father but I end up telling Minnie how he used to take me horseback riding on our ranch, strapping me in his saddle with a leather seat belt he designed just for me. Dad’s family owned casinos in Cuba, and had one of the largest ranches on the island. There were beef cattle and dairy cows, horses, pigs, goats, and lambs. Dad fed them molasses to fatten them, and gave the chickens corn and sorghum until they laid vermilion eggs, rich with vitamins. He took me on an overnight inspection once. We camped out under a sapodilla tree and listened to the pygmy owls with their old women’s voices. My father knew I understood more than I could say. He told me stories about Cuba after Columbus came. He said that the Spaniards wiped out more Indians with smallpox than with muskets.How does the structure of the excerpt add meaning to the passage?

A
It includes historical information about the Spaniards and Indians to indicate the work is nonfiction.
B
It describes the setting of the ranch owned by Pilar’s Cuban grandparents to explain family values.
C
It uses several narrators to share their points of view about past and present life in Cuba.
D
It manipulates the chronological order of events to reveal the close relationship between Pilar and her father.
15

Which best summarizes one central idea of the passage from "Mother Tongue"?

A
All forms of the English language are meaningful and purposeful.
B
Some forms of the English language do not translate well into writing.
C
The English language would be more efficient with a Chinese structure.
D
English language proficiency can only be determined through testing.
16

Read the excerpt from “Take the Tortillas Out of Your Poetry.”In other cases, the censoring has been direct and brutal. On February 28, 1981 the morning newspaper carried a story about the burning of my novel, Bless Me, Ultima. The book was banned from high school classes in Bloomfield, New Mexico, and a school board member was quoted as saying: “We took the books out and personally saw that they were burned.”Which best describes how Anaya effectively uses rhetorical appeal to convince readers that censorship is a tool of the powerful?

A
Anaya uses words that lack emotional connotations to present a painful anecdote from his life.
B
Anaya presents facts from a newspaper story about school board members burning his books.
C
Anaya establishes his credibility as a published Chicano author by referring to his first novel.
D
Anaya delivers a passionate argument against the ability of school boards to ban books.
17

Read the excerpt from Leslie Marmon Silko’s story "The Man to Send Rain Clouds."Leon stared at the new moccasins that Teofilo had made for the ceremonial dances in the summer. They were nearly hidden by the red blanket. It was getting colder, and the wind pushed gray dust down the narrow pueblo road. Which item acts as a symbol in this excerpt?

A
the moccasins
B
the red blanket
C
the wind
D
the road
18

Read the excerpt from Cristina Garcia’s Dreaming in Cuban.My mother says that Abuela Celia’s had plenty of chances to leave Cuba but that she’s stubborn and got her head turned around by El Líder. Mom says “Communist” the way some people says “cancer,” low and fierce.Which element from this excerpt best characterizes Garcia’s story as one of magic realism?

A
linking the words “communist” and “cancer”
B
presenting the idea of leaving Cuba as an extraordinary event
C
using El Líder as an additional narrator from Cuba
D
connecting Celia with Latin American history
19

Which excerpt from Leslie Marmon Silko’s story "The Man to Send Rain Clouds" contains a simile?

A
He turned the colored pages full of lepers and pagans without looking at them.
B
They both stooped to fit through the low adobe entrance.
C
But there he was, facing into a cold dry wind and squinting at the last sunlight. . . .
D
. . . the water fell through the light from sundown like August rain that fell while the sun was still shining.
20

Look at the diagram.This diagram is best used for helping a reader

Question illustration
A
relate personally to a text.
B
define hard vocabulary words in a text.
C
monitor comprehension of a text.
D
better understand the theme of a text.

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