AnswersMO-Biology AProkaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells — Unit test Answers

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Consider this animal cell.Which organelles are labeled D, and what is one feature that distinguishes them from the other labeled organelles?

Question illustration
A
chloroplasts; the only organelles that produce sugars from sunlight
B
ribosomes; only found in animal and bacterial cells
C
centrioles; found in animal cells but not plant cells
D
mitochondria; the only energy-generating structures found in cells
2
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Suppose that a patient is diagnosed with a new disease caused by the buildup of waste material in the body’s cells. Which organelle is most likely malfunctioning in the patient’s cells?

A
Golgi apparatus
B
lysosome
C
ribosome
D
endoplasmic reticulum
3

The table lists some organelles and functions. Only one pair is correctly matched.Functions of OrganellesOrganelleFunctionChloroplastStores water and waste materialsCell wallSupports cell membrane, maintains cell shape, and protects cellCell membraneBreaks down waste materials and debrisVacuoleProduces proteins for the cellWhich organelle in the table is correctly matched with its function?

A
chloroplast
B
cell wall
C
cell membrane
D
vacuole
4

The endosymbiotic theory provides an explanation for the origin of chloroplasts. Which trait of chloroplasts supports this explanation?

A
Chloroplasts do not reproduce.
B
Chloroplasts rely on proteins that are made by the cell.
C
Chloroplasts are larger than prokaryotic cells.
D
Chloroplasts have their own DNA.
5

A scientist discovers a cell that has chloroplasts, cytoplasm, DNA, and a cell membrane. Which statement best describes how the cell could be classified?

A
The cell is prokaryotic because it has DNA.
B
The cell is prokaryotic because it has cytoplasm.
C
The cell is eukaryotic because it has a cell membrane.
D
The cell is eukaryotic because it has chloroplasts.
6

The role of the cell membrane is most like the job of which person?

A
a firefighter who evacuates people from a burning building
B
a police officer who allows select people to enter and leave a crime scene
C
a bus driver who drives the express route from the suburb to downtown
D
a teacher who keeps students in the classroom during an exam
7

Which organelle makes the proteins that are needed by the cell?

A
cell membrane
B
Golgi apparatus
C
ribosomes
D
nucleus
8

The data in the table were recorded during an investigation in which a paramecium was placed in a hypertonic salt solution. If this data is shown in a bar graph, which description accurately represents the bars?

Question illustration
A
The graph has five bars of equal height.
B
The bars range from tallest for very high concentration to shortest for very low concentration.
C
The bar for very low concentration is twice the height of the bar for medium concentration.
D
The bar for very high concentration is five times the height of the bar for very low concentration.
9

How would the contractile vacuole of a freshwater amoeba respond if the organism was placed in seawater?

A
with more contractions
B
with fewer contractions
C
the contractions would suddenly cease
D
with the same frequency of contractions
10

A scientist is comparing the outer layer of an onion cell to the outer layer of a human skin cell. What is unique about the outer layer of the onion cell compared to the skin cell?

A
It contains proteins.
B
It contains cellulose.
C
It contains carbohydrates.
D
It is selectively permeable.
11

How is mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) typing used in forensic science?

A
A suspect’s mtDNA sample is matched to an unknown sample of nuclear DNA that was found at a crime scene.
B
A suspect’s mtDNA sample is matched to an unknown sample of mtDNA that was found at a crime scene.
C
A suspect’s nuclear DNA sample is matched to an unknown sample of nuclear DNA that was found at a crime scene.
D
A suspect’s nuclear DNA sample is matched to an unknown sample of mtDNA that was found at a crime scene.
12

Consider this animal cell.Which organelles are labeled G?

Question illustration
A
centrioles
B
lysosomes
C
ribosomes
D
mitochondria
13

Which structure is found in the cytoplasm of a prokaryotic cell, but is not found in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell?

A
DNA
B
ribosomes
C
nucleus
D
mitochondria
14

Which best defines homeostasis?

A
modifying the external environment
B
maintaining a stable internal environment
C
controlling what enters and exits the cell
D
movement of materials into the cell
15

Which organelle breaks down sugar molecules that supply energy to the cell?

A
Golgi apparatus
B
nucleus
C
endoplasmic reticulum
D
mitochondrion
16

Consider this animal cell.What is the function of the organelles that are labeled F?

Question illustration
A
to temporarily store water, waste products, food, and other cellular material
B
to produce proteins for the cell
C
to move proteins and other substances through the cell
D
to contain digestive enzymes that break down waste material and debris in the cell
17

A student is examining leaf cells. Which organelles are missing from the cells?

A
ribosomes
B
chloroplasts
C
centrioles
D
mitochondria
18

Which plant-cell organelle supports and maintains the cell's shape and protects the cell from damage?

A
cell membrane
B
cell wall
C
chloroplast
D
vacuole
19

The data in the graph are the result of a paramecium being placed in a hypertonic salt solution.What change would most improve the usefulness of the graph?

Question illustration
A
Replace the concentration descriptions with actual values.
B
Plot contractions per second instead of contractions per minute.
C
Remove the plotted points and just keep the line.
D
Remove the name of the organism from the title.
20

A student wonders whether removing the nucleus from a cell would result in a new prokaryotic cell. Why would this procedure fail to produce a prokaryotic cell?

A
The cell would lack genetic information.
B
The cell would lack the structure that is needed to produce energy.
C
The cell would lack the structure that is needed to protect the cell’s organelles.
D
The cell would lack control over materials that move into and out of the cell.

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