AnswersDISD CR Physics 2020-2021Universal Law of Gravitation

Universal Law of Gravitation — Unit test Answers

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1
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Which best describes a chain reaction associated with a nuclear reaction?

A
Neutrons released during a fusion reaction cause other nuclei to fuse.
B
Neutrons released during a fission reaction cause other nuclei to split.
C
Helium nuclei released during a fission reaction cause other nuclei to split.
D
Helium nuclei released during a fusion reaction cause other nuclei to fuse.
2
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Which type of reaction does this diagram represent?

Question illustration
A
nuclear fission because an atom is splitting into two fragments
B
nuclear fusion because the products that are produced are radioactive
C
nuclear fission because a large amount of energy is being released
D
nuclear fusion because atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus
3

Consider the incomplete equation below If this equation was completed, which statement would it best support?

Question illustration
A
Nuclear fusion produces elements that are heavier than helium.
B
Nuclear fusion produces elements that are lighter than helium.
C
Nuclear fission produces elements that are heavier than helium.
D
Nuclear fission produces elements that are lighter than helium.
4

A fusion reaction takes place between carbon and another element. Neutrons are released, and a different element is formed. The different element is

A
lighter than helium.
B
heavier than helium.
C
used for energy on Earth.
D
radioactive.
5

Which would cause the greatest increase in the acceleration of a satellite?

A
a decrease in the radius and the tangential speed
B
an increase in the radius and the tangential speed
C
a decrease in the radius and an increase in the tangential speed
D
an increase in the radius and a decrease in the tangential speed
6

The behavior of which objects are better explained by Einstein’s general theory of relativity than Newton’s universal law of gravitation?

A
objects that accelerate
B
objects that are several meters apart
C
objects with small masses
D
objects moving at near the speed of light
7

The table below shows the wavelengths of visible light that correspond to different colors.A student analyzes the emission spectrum of an unknown element and observes strong lines at the following wavelengths: 656 nm, 486 nm, 434 nm.Which absorption spectrum is the student most likely viewing?

Question illustration
A
A line spectrum with one black line in purple, blue, light blue and red.
Option A
B
A line spectrum with 3 black lines in purple, one black line in blue, 2 black lines in light blue, one black line in orange and one black line in orange-red.
Option B
C
A line spectrum with 3 black lines in purple, 2 black lines in blue, 2 black lines in light blue, one black line in green and one black line in yellow.
Option C
D
A line spectrum with 4 black lines in blue, 6 black lines in green, 3 black lines in yellow and one black line in orange.
Option D
8

Which equation represents a fission reaction?

A
Option
Option A
B
Option
Option B
C
Option
Option C
D
Option
Option D
9

Two satellites, X and Y, are orbiting Earth. Satellite X is1.2 × 106 m from Earth, and Satellite Y is 1.9 × 105 m from Earth.

A
Satellite X has a greater period and a faster tangential speed than Satellite Y.
B
Satellite X has a greater period and a slower tangential speed than Satellite Y.
C
Satellite X has a shorter period and a faster tangential speed than Satellite Y.
D
Satellite X has a shorter period and a slower tangential speed than Satellite Y.
10

What causes the appearance of lines in an emission spectrum?

A
Light is absorbed as an electron moves to a higher energy state.
B
Light is released as an electron moves to a lower energy state.
C
An electron is released as light when it moves to a lower energy state.
D
An electron is released as light when it moves to a higher energy state.
11

Rafi made a diagram to compare Newton's universal law of gravitation with Einstein's general theory of relativity.

Question illustration
A
Earth pulls objects toward its center.
B
Gravity causes objects to fall to the ground.
C
The curvature of space-time pushes objects toward the ground.
D
Gravity is an attractive force in the universe.
12

Which type of reaction does this diagram represent?

Question illustration
A
nuclear fusion because nuclei combine to form a heavy nucleus
B
nuclear fission because an atom is splitting into two large fragments of comparable mass
C
nuclear fusion because a large amount of energy is being released
D
nuclear fission because the resulting products are not radioactive
13

An absorption spectrum of oxygen is shown below.What is most likely the emission spectrum of oxygen?

Question illustration
A
A rainbow for a line spectra. There are 4 lines in purple, 4 lines in blue, 3 lines in blue-green, 6 lines in the yellow, 4 lines in the orange and 15 lines in red.
Option A
B
A rainbow for a line spectra. There are 4 lines in purple, 4 lines in blue, 3 lines in blue-green, 7 lines in the green, 6 lines in the yellow, 5 lines in the orange and 10 lines in red.
Option B
C
A rainbow for a line spectra. There are 4 lines in purple, 4 lines in blue, 2 lines in blue-green, 4 lines in the green, 2 lines in the yellow, 3 lines in the orange and 4 lines in red.
Option C
D
A rainbow for a line spectra. There are 5 lines in purple, 6 lines in blue, 1 line in blue-green, 4 lines in the green, 3 lines in the yellow, 4 lines in the orange and 4 lines in red.
Option D
14

Four students made a graphic organizer describing the parts of the atom.Which table best describes the parts of the atom?

A
A 3 column table with 3 rows. The first column is labeled particle with entries proton, electron, neutron. The second column is labeled charge with entries positive, 0, negative. The last column is labeled location with entries outside nucleus, outside nucleus, inside nucleus.
Option A
B
A 3 column table with 3 rows. The first column is labeled particle with entries proton, electron, neutron. The second column is labeled charge with entries negative, 0, negative. The last column is labeled location with entries inside nucleus, outside nucleus, inside nucleus.
Option B
C
A 3 column table with 3 rows. The first column is labeled particle with entries proton, electron, neutron. The second column is labeled charge with entries 0, negative, positive. The last column is labeled location with entries outside nucleus, inside nucleus, inside nucleus.
Option C
D
A 3 column table with 3 rows. The first column is labeled particle with entries proton, electron, neutron. The second column is labeled charge with entries positive, negative, 0. The last column is labeled location with entries inside nucleus, outside nucleus, inside nucleus.
Option D
15

Which best explains a difference between Einstein’s general theory of relativity and his special theory of relativity?

A
His general theory includes uniform and accelerated motion, but his special theory applies only to uniform motion.
B
His general theory includes uniform and accelerated motion, but his special theory applies only to accelerated motion.
C
His general theory applies only to accelerated motion, but his special theory includes uniform and accelerated motion.
D
His general theory applies only to uniform motion, but his special theory includes uniform and accelerated motion.
16

Which occurred before nucleosynthesis began? Check all that apply.

A
universe became transparent
B
quarks started to form
C
inflationary expansion occurred
D
electrons started to form
E
stars were born
17

After the supernova in a star’s life cycle, what else is formed in addition to a nebula?

A
red giant or protostar
B
neutron star or red giant
C
protostar or black hole
D
black hole or neutron star
18

In the equation for the gravitational force between two objects, which quantity must be squared?

A
m1
B
m2
C
G
D
d
19

What is released when an excited electron returns to a lower energy state?

A
an isotope
B
a proton
C
electricity
D
electromagnetic radiation
20

Which is most likely why many scientists reject the cold fusion theory?

A
There is too much waste involved in the process.
B
Cold fusion experiments have been conducted at room temperature only.
C
The process does not produce enough energy to meet the needs of modern humans.
D
The original results have not been replicated consistently and reliably.

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