Volcanoes — Unit test Answers

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Which indicates how evidence of climate change supports the theory of continental drift?

A
coal fields in several continents
B
volcano formation
C
glacial evidence found in South Africa
D
folded mountains in Africa and South America
3

This image shows a volcanic eruption in Hawaii with lava flowing into the sea.

Question illustration
A
Its magma is high in silica.
B
Its magma has low viscosity.
C
Its gases are released in rapid bursts.
D
Its lava came from an explosive eruption.
4

Which statement best describes the theory of plate tectonics?

A
Plates sometimes move closer to one another.
B
Sections of Earth that shift are part of Earth’s asthenosphere.
C
Sections of Earth’s continents are in slow, constant movement.
D
Parts of the ocean floor move as they are carried by rift valleys.
6

What may occur when convergent boundaries interact?

A
formation of island chains
B
creation of mid-ocean ridges
C
creation of convection currents
D
formation of rift valleys
7

What does the presence of new rock near an oceanic ridge indicate?

A
There is always a deep-sea trench underneath.
B
There is evidence of seafloor spreading.
C
They are made from oceanic crust.
D
They have iron oriented in different directions.
8

Which is one piece of evidence of seafloor spreading?

A
fossil material
B
continent material
C
drilled core samples
D
ocean water samples
9

The image below shows a fault.

Question illustration
A
The hanging wall and footwall both move vertically.
B
Shearing is causing the plates to slide past each other.
C
The hanging wall moves down in relation to the footwall.
D
Compression is causing the plates to move toward each other.
10

Which substance would most likely form sedimentary rock?

A
cooled lava
B
melted rock
C
changed igneous rock
D
small pebbles
11

Which statement describes seismic waves?

A
They carry energy.
B
They move in one direction.
C
They originate from the epicenter.
D
They only vibrate at Earth’s surface.
12

How did Wegener explain why fossils of land animals were found on continents that are across oceans from one another?

A
Animals evolved separately on each continent.
B
Land bridges existed between the continents.
C
Animals swam across the ocean to new continents.
D
Continents were once one landmass and have drifted apart.
13

Which type of stress causes rocks to fold?

A
compression
B
shearing
C
strike-slip
D
tension
14

Sophia was studying with Maalik about the layers of the Earth. They were given several different statements about the layers.Which statement about the layers would they identify as correct?

A
The outer core is less than 70 km in thickness.
B
The crust assists in forming Earth’s magnetic field.
C
The mantle is denser than the crust.
D
Pressure increases when moving from the core to the crust.
17

Which is one type of evidence that geologists usually study?

A
location of Earth in outer space
B
waves that move through Earth
C
interactions between living things on Earth
D
diversity of life found on Earth
18

Which statement describes the damage that results from earthquakes?

A
Amount of damage can be used to determine intensity.
B
Damage can be measured using the Richter scale.
C
The amount of damage increases as magnitude decreases.
D
Earthquakes that cause maximum damage are the most common.
19

Which feature of Earth is created at mid-ocean ridges?

A
new island chain
B
new underwater caves
C
new continents
D
new ocean floor
20

The image shows mountains in Alaska.

Question illustration
A
A syncline is visible.
B
An anticline is visible.
C
These mountains show no evidence of folding.
D
These mountains likely formed from normal faults.

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