AnswersMO-Earth and Space Science AUnit Test

Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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1
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According to the big bang theory, which statement is accurate about how the universe came to be?

A
It expanded slowly.
B
It gradually warmed.
C
Stars and galaxies formed.
D
Atoms such as hydrogen were destroyed.
2
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How did Galileo increase public support for Copernicus’s model?

A
by publishing his work in Italian
B
by using data collected by Tycho Brahe
C
by explaining why planets appear to move backward
D
by arguing that Earth’s rotation makes objects appear to move in the sky
3

What occurs when the moon blocks the view of the Sun?

A
neap tide
B
spring tide
C
solar eclipse
D
lunar eclipse
4

Which object(s) formed last in our solar system?

A
the Sun
B
the solar nebula
C
the inner planets
D
the planetesimals
5

Which planet is terrestrial?

A
Jupiter
B
Mars
C
Saturn
D
Uranus
6

Which statement accurately describes a light-year?

A
It is the shape of a galaxy.
B
It is the distance that light travels in a year.
C
It is a yearly measurement of light given off by stars.
D
It is the amount of time it takes light to travel one million kilometers.
7

What is released through nuclear fusion in stars?

A
energy
B
gas
C
mass
D
pressure
8

Which statement explains how planets move in orbit as supported by Newton’s first law of motion?

A
Planets can change the direction of their own orbital path.
B
Planets can change orbits due to their inertia.
C
Planets in motion will have a constant speed unless acted on by an outside force.
D
Planets with a greater mass will orbit more quickly than smaller planets.
9

What are the two main types of star clusters?

A
binary and wobbling
B
eclipsing and binary
C
globular and eclipsing
D
open and globular
10

Which two characteristics are used to classify stars on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram?

A
size and density
B
density and composition
C
composition and temperature
D
temperature and absolute brightness
11

At which location would an object’s weight be the greatest?

A
on Pluto
B
on Earth
C
on the Sun
D
on the moon
12

Which characteristic is common to all inner planets?

A
rings
B
moons
C
rocky surfaces
D
slow revolutions
13

Which correctly lists three planets that have rings?

A
Jupiter, Mars, Saturn
B
Mars, Jupiter, Mercury
C
Mercury, Mars, Venus
D
Neptune, Uranus, Jupiter
14

What is a nebula?

A
the core of a massive star
B
a cloud of gas and dust in space
C
a swirling disk with a lot of gravity
D
the debris remaining after a supernova
15

About how long does it take Earth to complete one revolution around the Sun?

A
1 year
B
14 days
C
24 hours
D
27.3 days
16

Look at the diagram of the moon and three different paths that it could take.

Question illustration
A
the path of the moon toward the Sun
B
the path of the moon’s orbit around Earth
C
the path the moon would take if it had a larger mass than the Sun
D
the path the moon would take if there was no force of Earth’s gravity
17

What can be observed only by observing its effects on gravity?

A
dark matter
B
a solar nebula
C
gas and dust
D
a planetesimal
18

Which planet revolves slowly around the Sun, has rings, and is known for its Great Red Spot?

A
Jupiter
B
Mars
C
Neptune
D
Saturn
19

When two objects are near each other, how would increasing one object’s mass affect it?

A
The shape of the object would change.
B
The weight of the object would decrease.
C
The gravitational force of the object would increase.
D
The mass of the object would be stronger than gravity.
20

What is some of the evidence used by Galileo to support Copernicus’s model and disprove Aristotle and Ptolemy’s?

A
Each planet spins in an epicycle.
B
Planets appear to move backward.
C
Jupiter has moons orbiting it.
D
The religious and cultural beliefs supported this model.

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