Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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Skin is the main barrier between internal organs and the outside environment. The outer layer of skin is composed mostly of epithelial cells. Which is a characteristic of epithelial cells that makes them ideal for providing this type of protection?

A
The cells are packed tightly together.
B
The cells are surrounded by a lot of extracellular matrix.
C
The cells are separated by synapses.
D
The cells are organized into a mesh structure.
2
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Karin was exposed to extremely cold temperatures and was diagnosed with a homeostatic disorder. Which symptoms does she most likely have?

A
frequent thirst and urination
B
decreased heart rate and memory loss
C
blurred vision and high blood sugar
D
hot, itchy skin and nausea
3

The image below shows an X-ray of a fractured leg bone. A portion of the bone broke through the patient’s skin. Which two terms describe this type of bone fracture?

Question illustration
A
simple, incomplete
B
compound, complete
C
simple, complete
D
compound, incomplete
4

Which terms are used in combination to refer to the quadrants of the abdomino-pelvic cavity?

A
front, back, left, right
B
upper, lower, middle, center
C
upper, lower, left, right
D
front, back, middle, center
5

What is one main function of nervous tissue?

A
communication between the brain and the rest of the body
B
contraction of muscles that results in movement
C
transportation of fluids throughout the body
D
protection of organs from the environment
6

A healthy blood pH for humans is around 7.4. Lee’s blood pH is 7.2. Which statement most likely describes Lee’s condition and treatment plan?

A
Lee has type 1 diabetes and will receive insulin injections.
B
Lee has hypothermia and will receive core warming therapy.
C
Lee has insomnia and will receive non–habit-forming medication.
D
Lee has acidosis and will receive infusions of bicarbonate.
7

Willem felt heat as his hand got close to a flame. A signal was sent to his brain, telling him to pull his hand away. Which type of cells were responsible for detecting the heat?

A
myocardium cells
B
motor neurons
C
fibroblasts
D
sensory neurons
8

Which is an example of the body maintaining homeostasis using a negative feedback loop?

A
During a woman’s menstruation cycle, the hormone estrogen triggers glands in the brain to release hormones that cause the ovaries to release more estrogen.
B
When a cut occurs on a person’s skin, the body causes more and more platelets to accumulate in the blood in that region, causing a clot.
C
During childbirth, a woman’s body releases hormones to promote the process and to increase contractions until the child is born.
D
When a person is losing balance, the body senses the position of the head and sends signals to keep balance.
9

Meningitis is a condition in which the meninges becomes swollen. What is the greatest immediate concern for a patient who has meningitis?

A
hormone imbalance
B
brain damage
C
blocked sebaceous glands
D
digestive failure
10

Maya suffered from a second-degree burn. Which body structures were most likely damaged?

A
nerve endings and dermis
B
nerve endings and subcutaneous layer
C
dermis and subcutaneous layer
D
dermis and epidermis
11

Helen has a disease that she inherited from her parents. Helen’s doctor diagnosed the disease with a blood test. The doctor found abnormally high levels of copper in the blood. Which of these does Helen most likely have?

A
Wilson’s disease
B
inflammatory bowel disease
C
coronary artery disease
D
Paget’s disease
12

Which is true of all organs in the human body?

A
They are made up of two or more tissue types.
B
They produce red and white blood cells.
C
They remove harmful substances from the body.
D
They are composed of one main type of cell.
13

Which list shows levels of organization from smallest to largest?

A
cardiac muscle, specialized cells, heart
B
heart, specialized cells, cardiac muscle
C
cardiac muscle, heart, specialized cells
D
specialized cells, cardiac muscle, heart
14

Which of these is a general preventative measure for all homeostatic disorders?

A
taking medications to promote regular sleep cycles
B
taking sodium bicarbonate powder between meals
C
monitoring and checking blood sugar levels every day
D
regularly avoiding eating foods high in fat and sugar
15

Calcium is a substance found in certain foods. It helps the body build and maintain strong teeth and bones. A diet high in calcium would be most helpful in preventing which disease?

A
myositis
B
arrhythmia
C
osteoporosis
D
COPD
16

A doctor instructed her patient to take regular insulin injections. Without the insulin, the patient’s body will not maintain homeostasis and will be in danger of organ failure. The patient most likely has which condition?

A
diabetes
B
respiratory acidosis
C
kidney failure
D
hyperthermia
17

A young woman suffered from a severe injury to her pelvic cavity. What potential problem would her doctors be most likely concerned about?

A
difficulty digesting food
B
inability to produce oxygenated blood
C
inability to breath normally
D
difficulty having children
18

A patient suffered a serious injury to her chest area. She will most likely have problems with

A
urinating due to kidney damage.
B
digesting food due to intestine damage.
C
breathing due to lung damage.
D
making bile due to liver damage.
19

Which statement describes an example of the integumentary system and immune system working together?

A
Blood pressure lowers to prevent loss of heat.
B
Hair on the skin helps keep the body warm.
C
White blood cells kill pathogens when the skin becomes infected.
D
Sensory nerves detect pain when the skin is pinched.
20

The lymphatic system filters the fluid that drains from the cardiovascular system and then returns that fluid to the heart to be pumped back into the body via blood. This is an example of how organ systems are

A
made of organs.
B
made of tissues.
C
independent.
D
interdependent.

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