Answers26-27 Ignite Health Science Concepts - EL3602Cardiovascular System Career Specialties

Cardiovascular System Career Specialties — Unit test Answers

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Pulmonary circulation is the key component that supports both respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Examine this diagram of a human heart as seen while looking at the front of the body. Which correctly identifies where the blood is flowing to and from?

Question illustration
A
A: lower body, B: left lung, C: right lung, D: upper body
B
A: upper body, B: right lung, C: left lung, D: lower body
C
A: right lung, B: upper body, C: lower body, D: left lung
D
A: left lung, B: lower body, C: upper body, D: right lung
2
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The picture below accurately depicts a healthy heart. The left ventricle has a thicker myocardium than the right. What best explains why the muscle in the left ventricle is larger than the one on the right?Image by Patrick J. Lynch

Question illustration
A
The left ventricle pumps blood to the systemic circulation process, while the right ventricle pumps blood to pulmonary circulation.
B
The right ventricle pumps blood to the systemic circulation process, while the left ventricle pumps blood to pulmonary circulation.
C
The right ventricle directly pumps blood into the left ventricle, which then pumps the blood to the entire body.
D
The left ventricle is pumping oxygen-poor blood, so the muscle is not getting enough oxygen.
3

Anajali is studying for her Health Science test, and she needs to remember the sequence of events that lead to cardiac arrest. Which is the correct sequence?i. The heart beats erratically and often stops completely.ii. Ischemia progresses to an infarction.iii. Blockages occur in the right and left coronary arteries.iv. Insufficient blood supply to the heart happens.

A
i, ii, iii, iv
B
ii, vi, i, iii
C
iii, iv, ii, i
D
iv, i, ii, iii
4

Which best describes how blood pressure is measured and why it is important?

A
Blood pressure measures pressure on the arteries and can be an indicator of an unhealthy cardiovascular system.
B
Blood pressure measures pressure on the veins and can be an indicator of an unhealthy urinary system.
C
Blood pressure measures pressure on the capillaries and can be an indicator of an unhealthy nervous system.
D
Blood pressure measures pressure on the heart and can be an indicator of an unhealthy endocrine system.
5

Below is a picture of a structure of the heart. What is the best description of the function of this structure?

Question illustration
A
It pumps blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium.
B
It pumps blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium.
C
It prevents the backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium.
D
It prevents the backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium.
6

What happens in the red blood cells in the lungs?

A
Hemoglobin drops off oxygen and picks up carbon dioxide.
B
Hemoglobin drops off carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen.
C
Hemoglobin picks up both carbon dioxide and oxygen.
D
Hemoglobin drops off both carbon dioxide and oxygen.
7

Hamlin has a heart problem. He has questions about his treatment, which consists of better diet and exercise. Which group of cardiology specialists would best answer his questions?

A
a cardiac perfusionist, a cardiovascular technician, or a cardiologist
B
a cardiology nurse, a cardiovascular technician, or a cardiologist
C
a cardiology nurse, a echocardiogram technician, or a cardiologist
D
a cardiac perfusionist, an echocardiogram technician, or a cardiologist
8

Mr. Lopez has been advised to watch his cholesterol intake to prevent a myocardial infarction. Which describes the relationship between cholesterol and myocardial infarction?

A
A high cholesterol diet will increase cholesterol. Cholesterol reduces the occurence of thromboses. Thromboses obstruct the flow in coronary arteries.
B
A low cholesterol diet will reduce cholesterol. Cholesterol is strongly attracted to plaque. Plaque can build up and block the coronary arteries.
C
A high cholesterol diet will increase cholesterol. Cholesterol is a key ingredient in reducing the formation of plaque. Plaque can build up and block the coronary arteries.
D
A low cholesterol diet will reduce cholesterol. Cholesterol is one of the main components in thromboses. Thromboses obstruct the flow or blood in coronary arteries.
9

A person who is trained to use a wand to transmit sound waves and measure how the heart echoes those sounds is most likely a(n)

A
echocardiogram technician.
B
cardiac perfusionist.
C
cardiologist.
D
cardiology nurse.
10

Which of these is an uncontrollable risk factor for myocardial infarction?

A
obesity and lack of exercise
B
type 2 diabetes
C
congenital heart deformities
D
high-stress lifestyle
11

Mario complained to his doctor that he had regular headaches, dizziness, and numbness in his hands. After a complete examination, the doctor prescribed anticoagulants. Which disorder was Mario most likely diagnosed with?

A
thrombocytosis
B
sepsis
C
anemia
D
hemophilia
12

Which list describes the correct order of a common treatment plan for leukemia patients?

A
radiation therapy healthy cells grow stem cell therapy new cells grow
Option A
B
cancer cells killed blood transfusion bone marrow grows chemotherapy
Option B
C
blood transfusion cancer cells killed radiation therapy bone marrow grows
Option C
D
chemotherapy cancer cells killed stem cell transplant healthy cells grow
Option D
13

Rizal just finished his doctoral degree in cardiology. He graduated with honors at the top of his medical class. He just applied for a fellowship at a local hospital. What best explains why his application could be denied?

A
He needs to finish a residency.
B
He needs to finish undergraduate school.
C
He needs to finish a master’s degree.
D
He needs to finish the ABCP.
14

Which of these should be avoided in order to prevent heart diseases and disorders?

A
yoga and meditation
B
fruits and vegetables
C
drugs and alcohol
D
jogging and skating
15

Recall the three layers of muscles in the wall of the heart. Which lists these muscles in order from closest to the blood inside the chamber to farthest from the blood?

A
epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
B
myocardium, endocardium, epicardium
C
endocardium, myocardium, epicardium
D
endocardium, epicardium, myocardium
16

Which upper chamber of the heart contains oxygen-rich blood?

A
the right atrium
B
the left atrium
C
the right ventricle
D
the left ventricle
17

Lamar was taking a nap. He was startled by a noise in his kitchen, woke up, and stood up quickly. He then had a dizzy spell and sat down quickly. What best describes what happened to Lamar?

A
Sleep causes blood pressure to rise, and when he stood up quickly he was hypertensive.
B
Sleep causes blood pressure to drop, and when he stood up quickly he was hypotensive.
C
Sleep causes blood pressure to rise, and when he stood up quickly he was hypotensive.
D
Sleep causes blood pressure to drop, and when he stood up quickly he was hypertensive.
18

The “pacemaker” of the heart starts an electrical impulse in the right atrium to cause the atria to contract. What is the “pacemaker” of the heart?

A
the SA node
B
the AV node
C
the bundle of His
D
the Purkinje fibers
19

When the blood flows through the capillary bed, most of the plasma will return to the heart through the venules. What happens to the plasma that does not travel to the venules?

A
It is removed by the lymphatic vessels.
B
It is lost as heat.
C
It returns to the arterioles.
D
It stays in the capillary bed.
20

Which is the proper order for blood traveling through the systemic circuit?

A
venae cavae arteries venules capillaries arterioles veins aorta
Option A
B
venae cavae arteries arterioles capillaries venules veins aorta
Option B
C
aorta arterioles arteries capillaries veins venules venae cavae
Option C
D
aorta arteries arterioles capillaries venules veins venae cavae
Option D

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