Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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A tropical rainforest includes trees, animals, insects, plants, rain, rivers, rocks, soil, and warm, moist air.Which spheres of Earth are represented in a tropical rainforest?

A
biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere
B
cryosphere, hydrosphere, ionosphere
C
geosphere, biosphere, cryosphere
D
ionosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere
22
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Which is one step that geologists use to find the epicenter of an earthquake?

A
They look at data from at least one seismograph.
B
They measure the difference between arrival of P waves and S waves.
C
They draw circles around the epicenter from three locations.
D
They obtain information about the intensity of earthquakes from seismographs.
23

Which plate forms a boundary with the African Plate?

Question illustration
A
Pacific
B
South American
C
Nazca
D
Philippine
24

Which statement best describes the theory of plate tectonics?

A
Plates sometimes move closer to one another.
B
Sections of Earth that shift are part of Earth’s asthenosphere.
C
Sections of Earth’s continents are in slow, constant movement.
D
Parts of the ocean floor move as they are carried by rift valleys.
25

Which statement describes one of Wegener’s ideas that contributed to the theory of continental drift?

A
The continents drifted apart due to repeated meteor impacts.
B
The continents were once connected as one landmass.
C
The continents have moved apart very quickly due to earthquakes.
D
The continents are magnetically pulled toward or pushed away from one another.
26

The image shows a mountain peak in Asia.

Question illustration
A
compression
B
gravity
C
shearing
D
tension
27

What does the presence of new rock near an oceanic ridge indicate?

A
There is always a deep-sea trench underneath.
B
There is evidence of seafloor spreading.
C
They are made from oceanic crust.
D
They have iron oriented in different directions.
28

Favorable adaptations build up in a population over many generations due to long-term environmental change.What is the most likely result of this process?

A
extinction
B
speciation
C
loss of habitat
D
forced migration
29

How do geologists study direct evidence of Earth’s interior?

A
by collecting drill core samples of Earth’s crust
B
by measuring seismic wave activity
C
by analyzing how living things survive
D
by recording changes in climate patterns
30

Which type of stress causes rocks to fold?

A
compression
B
shearing
C
strike-slip
D
tension
31

Which feature of Earth is created at mid-ocean ridges?

A
new island chain
B
new underwater caves
C
new continents
D
new ocean floor
32

Study the diagram showing the range of temperature in the Earth’s layers.

Question illustration
A
1,613°C
B
2,521°C
C
3,628°C
D
6,217°C
33

The image shows the Great Rift Valley in Africa, an example of a rift valley.

Question illustration
A
The rift valley formed when the crust pulled apart.
B
The rift valley formed due to subduction.
C
The rift valley formed similarly to an island arc.
D
The rift valley formed at a convergent boundary.
34

What causes the force that pushes magma from the magma chamber through the pipe and vent of a volcano?

A
gravity
B
water flow
C
expanding gases
D
convergent boundaries

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