AnswersPA-Science 8 Q1Radiation

Radiation — Unit test Answers

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1
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A thermogram taken outside a house shows high amounts of thermal energy around the windows but not around the roof.Which conclusion supports the thermogram?

A
The windows and the roof are energy efficient.
B
The windows and the roof are not energy efficient.
C
The windows are not energy efficient, but the roof is energy efficient.
D
The windows are energy efficient, but the roof is not energy efficient.
2
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Which describes how radiation moves?

A
Radiation moves from a cooler object to a warmer object
B
Radiation moves from a warmer object to a cooler object
C
Radiation moves from a warm object to an object of the same temperature
D
Radiation moves from a cool object to an object of the same temperature
3

In which of these can convection not occur?

A
gases
B
solids
C
liquids
D
fluids
4

Which best describes convection?

A
It relies on the collision of particles within or between substances.
B
It occurs in solids, liquids, or gases that are heated.
C
It results when portions of a liquid cool and rise.
D
It is driven by temperature differences within a fluid.
5

If the kinetic and potential energy in a system are equal, then the potential energy increases. What happens as a result?

A
Total energy increases.
B
Stored energy decreases.
C
Energy of motion decreases.
D
Total energy decreases.
6

Which accurately completes the statement?Conduction involves the transfer of electric charge or ___________ due to the movement of particles.

A
thermal energy
B
light waves
C
protons
D
neutrons
7

Which set of terms best defines what affects kinetic energy and potential energy, respectively?

A
position, gravity
B
gravity, velocity
C
velocity, height
D
height, position
8

A scientist designed a foam container to help keep frozen foods from melting. Which best explains how the foam works?

A
It removes thermal energy from the air inside the container.
B
It removes thermal energy from the frozen foods inside the container.
C
It reduces the amount of thermal energy that is transferred from inside to outside the container.
D
It reduces the amount of thermal energy that is transferred from outside to inside the container.
9

The diagram shows movement of thermal energy.

Question illustration
A
W and X
B
X and Z
C
Y and Z
D
Z and W
10

The diagram shows currents that form as water is heated.

Question illustration
A
the air above a wildfire
B
a carton of milk in a refrigerator
C
a snowdrift on a shady mountainside
D
a boulder in a hot desert
11

The table shows information about four students who are running around a track. Which statement is supported by the information in the chart?

Question illustration
A
Autumn has more kinetic energy than Chiang.
B
Mohammed has less kinetic energy than Autumn.
C
Lexy has more kinetic energy than Mohammed.
D
Chiang has less kinetic energy than Lexy.
12

A student heats a liquid on a burner. What happens to the portion of liquid that first begins to warm?

A
It loses energy.
B
It becomes less dense.
C
It sinks downward.
D
Its molecules get closer together.
13

Which material is typically used as a thermal insulator?

A
copper
B
foam
C
ceramic
D
aluminum
14

Evan drew a diagram to illustrate radiation.

Question illustration
A
gases mixing with particles
B
liquid moving through a vacuum
C
moving particles
D
electromagnetic waves
15

Which material most likely gets the warmest when placed in the Sun?

A
white cement
B
beige sand
C
brown mulch
D
yellow pebbles
16

Seema knows the mass of a basketball. What other information is needed to find the ball’s potential energy?

A
the volume and height the ball reaches
B
the volume and shape of the ball
C
acceleration due to gravity and the height the ball reaches
D
acceleration due to gravity and the shape of the ball
17

Let's consider a scenario of a roller coaster ride. As the roller coaster at the top begins to descend, it loses height, which means its potential energy decreases and kinetic energy starts increasing and reaches its maximum value.By using the above scenario, which statement best compares potential and kinetic energy?

A
Objects always have more potential energy than kinetic energy.
B
Kinetic energy increases and potential energy decreases when the velocity of an object increases.
C
Only potential energy decreases when an object’s height increases.
D
Objects always have more kinetic energy than potential energy.
18

Ella has a mass of 56 kg, and Tyrone has a mass of 68 kg. Ella is standing at the top of a skateboard ramp that is 1.5 meters tall. Which conclusion is best supported by the given information?

A
If Tyrone stands at the top of the same ramp, his potential energy will be less than Ella’s.
B
If Tyrone stands at the top of a 1 m high ramp, his potential energy will be greater than Ella’s.
C
If Tyrone stands at the top of the same ramp, his potential energy will be the same as Ella’s.
D
If Tyrone stands at the top of a 2 m high ramp, his potential energy will be greater than Ella’s.
19

Which best explains why metal cooking utensils often have plastic coating on their handles?

A
Plastic melts less easily and lasts longer than metal.
B
Plastic reduces the transfer of thermal energy to hands holding the utensils.
C
Plastic molds more easily into shapes like long, thin handles.
D
Plastic increases the rate of conduction from the utensil to the food.
20

Which best describes the shape of a convection current?

A
linear
B
spiral
C
circular
D
wave

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