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Read the excerpt from "A Genetics of Justice” by Julia Alvarez.By the time my mother married my father, however, she knew all about the true nature of the dictatorship. Thousands had lost their lives in failed attempts to return the country to democracy. Family friends, whom she had assumed had dropped away of their own accord, turned out to have been disappeared. My father had been lucky. As a young man, he had narrowly escaped to Canada after the plot he had participated in as a student failed. This was to be the first of two escapes. That same year, 1937, El Generalísimo ordered the overnight slaughter of some eighteen thousand Haitians, who had come across the border to work on sugarcane plantations for slave wages.

A
The dictatorship resulted in many deaths.
B
It was possible for people to escape to Canada.
C
Many people fought for a democratic nation.
D
The author’s family was unusually lucky.
22
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Read the excerpt from "A Latina Judge's Voice" by Hon. Sonia Sotomayor.Like many other immigrants to this great land, my parents came because of poverty and to attempt to find and secure a better life for themselves and the family that they hoped to have. They largely succeeded. For that, my brother and I are very grateful. The story of that success is what made me and what makes me the Latina that I am. The Latina side of my identity was forged and closely nurtured by my family through our shared experiences and traditions.

A
They express pride in family and culture.
B
They express the importance of education.
C
They convey a feeling of sadness.
D
They convey a feeling of seriousness.
23

Read the excerpt from "A Genetics of Justice” by Julia Alvarez.Periodically, Trujillo would demand a tribute, and they would acquiesce. A tax, a dummy vote, a portrait on the wall. To my father and other men in the country, the most humiliating of these tributes was the occasional parade in which women were made to march and turn their heads and acknowledge the great man as they passed the review stand.If you did not march, your cédula would not be stamped, and without a stamped identification card, you could do nothing; in particular, you could not obtain your passport to leave the country under the pretext of wanting to study heart surgery. This was the second escape—this time with his whole family—that my father was planning.The day came when my mother had to march.

A
Alvarez shows that the parades were embarrassing but were not a serious matter.
B
Alvarez shows that Trujillo enjoyed it when people paid attention to him.
C
Alvarez shows that refusing to obey Trujillo's requests could be dangerous.
D
Alvarez shows that women played an important part in political life.
24

Read the excerpt from "Ain't I a Woman?" a speech given by Sojourner Truth, a formerly enslaved person, in 1851.Then that little man in black there, he says women can't have as much rights as men, 'cause Christ wasn't a woman! Where did your Christ come from? Where did your Christ come from? From God and a woman! Man had nothing to do with Him.If the first woman God ever made was strong enough to turn the world upside down all alone, these women together ought to be able to turn it back, and get it right side up again! And now they is asking to do it, the men better let them.

A
gratitude.
B
triumph.
C
acceptance.
D
frustration.
25

Read the example.If you want to know how Dickens’s last novel would end.What common error in sentence construction is evident in this example?

A
comma splice
B
run-on sentence
C
sentence fragment
D
missing conjunction
26

Read the excerpt from "A Latina Judge's Voice" by Hon. Sonia Sotomayor.My Latina soul was nourished as I visited and played at my grandmother’s house with my cousins and extended family. They were my friends as I grew up. Being a Latina child was watching the adults playing dominos on Saturday night and us kids playing lotería, bingo, with my grandmother calling out the numbers which we marked on our cards with chickpeas.

A
They show readers how Latina families decorate their homes.
B
They give readers images of the importance of family.
C
They describe the struggle Sotomayor endured in becoming a judge.
D
They give readers feelings of hopelessness and desperation.
27

The term pathos is best defined as

A
an appeal to emotions.
B
the use of changes in tone.
C
an appeal to character.
D
the use of exaggeration.
28

Read the steps in identifying a claim.1. Read the argument. 2. Identify the topic of the argument. 3. Determine what the author believes about the topic.

A
Read about the author’s background.
B
Find opposing arguments for the sake of comparison.
C
Think about what you already know about the topic.
D
Locate a statement that explains the author’s opinion.
29

Read the excerpt from Up from Slavery by Booker T. Washington.As a rule, I believe in universal, free suffrage, but I believe that in the South we are confronted with peculiar conditions that justify the protection of the ballot in many of the states, for a while at least, either by an education test, a property test, or by both combined; but whatever tests are required, they should be made to apply with equal and exact justice to both races.

A
Education and property tests should be requirements for some people.
B
Everyone should be allowed to vote everywhere without discrimination.
C
Any test that is given before voting needs to be required for all equally.
D
The South has particular conditions that need to be taken into account.
30

Which details does the author include to support the central idea about the result of the dictatorship? Select two options.

A
“lost their lives”
B
“family friends”
C
“lucky”
D
“escapes”
E
“slaughter”
31

Read the excerpts from the beginning, middle, and end of "A Genetics of Justice” by Julia Alvarez.Passage A:Perhaps because I was spared, at ten, from the dictatorship my parents endured most of their lives, I often imagine what it must have been like for them growing up under the absolute rule of Generalísimo Rafael Leonidas Trujillo.Passage B:I knew very little about what was actually going on in the Dominican Republic. Whenever la situación on the island came up, my parents spoke in hushed voices.Passage C:Then I started to work on my second novel. My mother heard from one of my sisters that I was writing about the dictatorship. . . .. . . Days later, my mother called me up to tell me she had just finished the novel. "You put me back in those days. It was like I was reliving it all,” she said sobbing. "I don't care what happens to us! I'm so proud of you for writing this book.”

A
Alvarez shows how, throughout her life, she learned about the dictatorship from her parents' fear of and responses to it.
B
Alvarez wrote about life under the dictatorship, even though doing so ruined her relationship with her mother.
C
Alvarez shows how her lifelong fascination with her parents' life under the dictatorship was the basis for her writing.
D
Alvarez shows how her mother counted on her to someday write a novel about the dictatorship.
32

What are the characteristics of an independent clause? Select three options.

A
It contains a subject and a verb.
B
It expresses a complete thought.
C
It begins with a relative pronoun.
D
It can stand alone as a complete sentence.
E
It cannot stand alone as a complete sentence.
33

Read the sentence.The tracking party followed their prey to the river, but there they lost the trail, even though they had several bloodhounds with them.What type of sentence is this?

A
a simple sentence
B
a complex sentence
C
a compound sentence
D
a compound-complex sentence
34

Which statement is the most effective claim?

A
Organic foods are a healthier option than conventional foods.
B
It is easier to find organic foods than to find conventional foods.
C
Restaurants are beginning to serve more organic foods.
D
Some think that organic foods are tastier than conventional foods.
35

Read this passage from Giovanna's evaluation of an argument claiming that climate change is not affected by human activity.Niemand's article on climate change in the editorial section of today's newspaper offers a weak argument. His reasoning consists of little more than unsubstantiated assertions that climate change is not affected by human activity.In an effective evaluation, which element would follow this statement?

A
a summary of Niemand's claim
B
text evidence from Niemand's argument
C
a restatement of Giovanna's evaluation
D
the name and source of Niemand's article
36

Read the paragraph.Spring arrives suddenly. Buds appear on the rosebushes. Shoots are sprouting from the ground. The fruit trees are in flower. Wherever you look, new plant life is basking in the warm spring sun.How does the underlined sentence add variety and meaning to the writing? Select three options.

A
by changing the topic
B
by addressing the reader
C
by introducing a new idea
D
by combining ideas in a complex sentence
E
by combining ideas in compound sentence
37

Read the excerpt from President Lincoln’s 1865 inaugural address, in which he speaks about the Civil War.One-eighth of the whole population were colored slaves, not distributed generally over the Union, but localized in the southern part of it. These slaves constituted a peculiar and powerful interest. All knew that this interest was somehow the cause of the war. To strengthen, perpetuate, and extend this interest was the object for which the insurgents would rend the Union even by war, while the Government claimed no right to do more than to restrict the territorial enlargement of it.

A
Before the Civil War, most enslaved people were living in the southern part of the Union.
B
The Union fought in the Civil War because they wanted to strengthen, perpetuate, and extend slavery.
C
The Civil War occurred because people in the South wanted to protect and spread the practice of slavery.
D
Before the Civil War, the government did not try to stop slavery, but only tried to keep it from growing.
38

Read the excerpt from Up from Slavery by Booker T. Washington.One-third of the population of the South is of the [Black man] race. No enterprise seeking the material, civil, or moral welfare of this section can disregard this element of our population and reach the highest success. I but convey to you, Mr. President and Directors, the sentiment of the masses of my race when I say that in no way have the value and manhood of the American [Black man] been more fittingly and generously recognized than by the managers of this magnificent Exposition at every stage of its progress. It is a recognition that will do more to cement the friendship of the two races than any occurrence since the dawn of our freedom.

A
Black citizens make up a significant portion of the population.
B
Ensuring material and moral security for Black citizens will lead to success.
C
Recognizing the worth and power of Black citizens will bring people together.
D
The successful convention directors recognize the value of Black citizens.
39

Read the excerpt from Frederick Douglass's July 4, 1852, speech on the hypocrisy of American slavery. Douglass was an abolitionist and a formerly enslaved person.Whether we turn to the declarations of the past, or to the professions of the present, the conduct of the nation seems equally hideous and revolting. America is false to the past, false to the present, and solemnly binds herself to be false to the future.

A
They suggest the speaker’s belief that the future holds hope.
B
They present a tone of solidarity with America's actions.
C
They show the speaker’s disgust over slavery.
D
They show the speaker's admiration for America.

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