Answers NY-Life Science Biology Term 1 HillcrestLab: Diffusion Across a Semi-permeable Membrane

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Which correctly describes crossing over?

the process whereby non-sister chromatids exchange genetic material

the process whereby homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles of the cell

the process whereby sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cell

the process whereby homologous chromosome pairs align randomly along the metaphase plate

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What is the end result of meiosis?

four identical daughter cells

four different daughter cells

two identical daughter cells

two different daughter cells

Which organism would be the best subject for a study of both photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

a green plant

a chemosynthetic bacterium

an animal that eats plants

an animal that eats animals

How has the study of mitosis affected scientists’ knowledge of cancer?

It led to a study of how to induce cancer cells to divide more rapidly.

It led to an understanding of how cancer cells divide so rapidly.

It led to the development of contact-inhibition regulators.

It led to the discovery of how to prevent cancer cells from dividing.

Mira analyzed oxygen and carbon dioxide in inhaled and exhaled air. She found that the percentages of both gases were different in each. What other gas would most likely also have different amounts in inhaled and exhaled air?

ozone (O3)

hydrogen (H2)

water vapor (H2O)

sulfur dioxide (SO2)

It is crucial that the process of mitosis is error free. This is because otherwise healthy cells can

grow into giant super cells.

undergo meiosis.

become cancer cells.

produce two identical cells.

How does interphase prepare cells for mitosis?

rest prior to cell division

growth of cell and replication of DNA

dissolution of nucleus and cell membrane

division of cytoplasm

The diagram shows a phase of mitosis.Which does the letter A represent in the diagram?

centriole

chromosome

centromere

spindle

Meiosis occurs in a series of different phases and creates genetically unique reproductive cells. Which process helps make meiotic cells genetically different and occurs during prophase I, but not during prophase II?

fertilization

independent assortment

crossing over

chromosome replication

The illustration below shows the steps of meiosis I. What is the step that is labeled D?

metaphase I

metaphase II

telophase II

telophase I

The graphic below shows how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are related.Which label in the graphic represents the energy that is released from glucose by cellular respiration?

Oxygen

Glucose

Energy stored as ATP

Carbon dioxide and water

An important difference between cellular respiration and photosynthesis is that when cellular respiration begins, glucose molecules are split. However, when photosynthesis begins

ADP molecules are split.

water molecules are split.

oxygen molecules are split.

carbon dioxide molecules are split.

Which process of genetic recombination involves genes from both parents?

crossing over

independent assortment

fertilization

tetrad formation

Energy is converted from solar to chemical in Process A and then from one form of chemical to another in Process B. Which is described by Process A?

energy conservation

photosynthesis

cellular respiration

Krebs cycle

Which definition correctly describes a haploid cell during meiosis?

a cell that has double the number of chromosomes as the parent cell

a cell that has two complete sets of chromosomes

a cell that has half the number of chromosomes as the daughter cell

a cell that has one complete set of chromosomes

Which statement accurately describes the relationship between cytokinesis and mitosis?

Mitosis includes interphase and cytokinesis.

Cytokinesis precedes mitosis in the cell cycle.

Cytokinesis is not a phase of mitosis, but occurs during mitosis.

Interphase includes cytokinesis and mitosis.

Three cells undergo meiosis. How many haploid cells are produced?

After chromosomes are formed, during which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers by their centromeres?

anaphase

prophase

metaphase

telophase

Which discovery did Gregor Mendel make?

Traits are inherited independently of each other.

Traits are inherited as a tetrad.

Traits are inherited as homologous pairs.

Traits are inherited as a set, from one parent.

The table below shows data collected in an experiment about gases in inhaled and exhaled air.Percentages of Chemicals in Air O2CO2Inhaled20.94%0.03%Exhaled16.37%4.46%Suppose a similar experiment was set up to measure changes in air composition immediately before and two days after twenty potted plants were placed in a clear, sealed aquarium near a window. Percentages of Chemicals in Air O2CO2Before 20.94%0.03%After ??How would the second row of values in the plant experiment most likely compare to the second row of values in the original experiment?

Oxygen levels would be higher, but carbon dioxide levels would be lower.

Carbon dioxide levels would be higher, but oxygen levels would be lower.

Oxygen levels would be higher, but carbon dioxide levels would be the same.

Carbon dioxide levels would be higher, but oxygen levels would be the same.

During which phase of meiosis does crossing over of chromosomes occur?

prophase I

metaphase I

anaphase I

telophase I

Which is a homologous chromosome pair?

chromatid

zygote

gamete

tetrad

The chemical equation below summarizes cellular respiration.6O2 + C6H12O6 à 6CO2 + 6H2O + energyThe energy that is released by cellular respiration is in the form of

dark energy.

solar energy.

nuclear energy.

chemical energy.

An example of mitosis at work is a plant root

elongating.

absorbing.

pointing down.

breaking.

Which best describes the nature of cellular respiration?

It is an energy-seeking process.

It is an energy-gathering process.

It is an energy-releasing process.

It is an energy-destroying process.

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