Unit Test

Question 1

Which of the following statements about energy and trophic levels is not true?a.The amount of available energy decreases at each higher trophic level.b.The energy conversion efficiency decreases at higher trophic levels.c.The net production of energy is higher at lower trophic levels.d.None of the above

Revolt · Accepted Answer

B: B

Question 2

Which of the following organisms is located only in the 3rd trophic level of the soil food web?a.bacteriab.fungic.protozoad.nematodes

Revolt · Accepted Answer

C: C

Question 3

Moving through trophic levels _______.a.energy decreasesb.entropy increasesc.biomass decreasesd.all of the above

Revolt · Accepted Answer

D: D

Question 4

Increases in entropy lead to _______.a.limitless work outputb.irreversible changesc.energy increasesd.all of the above

Revolt · Accepted Answer

B: B

Question 5

The average conversion energy from producers to primary consumers is _______.a.1%b.10%c.50%d.100%

Revolt · Accepted Answer

B: B

Question 6

Bacteria in soil feed on _______.a.organic matterb.nematodesc.protozoad.fungi

Revolt · Accepted Answer

A: A

Question 7

Explain how entropy relates to the amount of energy that is available in the different trophic levels of a food chain.

Revolt · Accepted Answer

Entropy increases with every energy transfer between trophic levels. Because usable energy is lost as heat, less energy remains available for work at higher trophic levels.

Question 8

Relate the concept of gross and net production to the concept of energy conversion.

Revolt · Accepted Answer

Gross production is the total energy captured by producers. Net production is gross production minus energy lost to respiration. The difference between gross and net production determines the efficiency of energy conversion to the next trophic level (~10%).

Question 9

Explain how the biomass of a species is limited by their trophic level.

Revolt · Accepted Answer

Only ~10% of energy is transferred to each successive trophic level (the 10% rule). Therefore higher trophic levels receive far less total energy, supporting lower biomass of organisms at those levels.

Question 10

What limits the amount of work that a system can do?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

The amount of usable (free) energy; increases in entropy reduce the fraction of energy available to perform work.

Unit Test Answers

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