Answers NY-Life Science Biology Term 1 HillcrestCellular Respiration

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What is the maximum magnification of most classroom compound light microscopes?

100x

500x

1,000x

5,000x

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Which organelles are not found in plant cells?

vacuoles

mitochondria

chloroplasts

centrioles

What do all cellular activities in living organisms use as a source of energy?

ATP

lactic acid

pyruvic acid

carbon dioxide

A new multicellular organism has been discovered, and scientists want to study the organism’s cell structures, including organelles. Which microscope should they use?

scanning electron microscope

transmission electron microscope

compound light microscope

simple microscope

Which microscope uses a probe to map atoms on the surface of a specimen?

transmission electron microscope

compound light microscope

scanning electron microscope

scanning tunneling microscope

Sheela wants to demonstrate the importance of photosynthesis to plants and the other living organisms that eat plants. She models the process of photosynthesis that is specifically involved in the production of sugars.Which process in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis is she modeling?

the production of oxygen

the production of glucose

the production of carbon dioxide

the production of water

Two cells in the same organism differ only in the number of chloroplasts they contain. The first cell has multiple chloroplasts, and the second cell has very few. What would most likely characterize these cells?

There would be no difference between the functioning of the cells because the chloroplasts are not essential cell structures.

The second cell would become larger because it would have fewer chloroplasts regulating its size and shape.

The second cell would shrink because it would not be able to store water and maintain cell shape.

The second cell would not be able to produce as much food because it could not capture very much sunlight.

What is shown in the image?

prokaryote

eukaryote

chloroplast

mitochondrion

The table lists some organelles and functions. Only one pair is correctly matched.Functions of OrganellesOrganelleFunctionNucleusDirects cell activityEndoplasmic reticulumBreaks down sugar molecules to supply energyGolgi apparatusSupports and protects organelles in the cellLysosomeProduces proteins for the cellWhich organelle in the table is correctly matched with its function?

nucleus

endoplasmic reticulum

Golgi apparatus

lysosome

How does ATP supply energy for cellular activities?

by breaking off a phosphate group from its structure

by releasing the sugar molecule from its structure

by adding a phosphate group to its structure

by attaching itself to a glucose molecule

A patient is in need of hydration. Which type of solution are the patient’s cells most likely in?

hypotonic

hypertonic

isotonic

osmotic

Which series of diagrams correctly represents the order of mitosis?

The steps of mitosis are shown. In step 1, the cell starts to break down structures. In step 2, the chromosomes line up at the center. In step 3, the chromatids separate from each other and are pulled to opposite ends of the cell. In step 4, the cell is divided.

The steps of mitosis are shown. In step 1, the cell starts to break down structures. In step 2, the cell is divided. In step 3, the chromatids separate from each other and are pulled to opposite ends of the cell. In step 4, the chromosomes line up at the center.

The steps of mitosis are shown. In step 1, the cell starts to break down structures. In step 2, the cell is divided. In step 3, the chromosomes line up at the center. In step 4, the chromatids separate from each other and are pulled to opposite ends of the cell.

The steps of mitosis are shown. In step 1, the cell starts to break down structures. In step 2, the chromatids separate from each other and are pulled to opposite ends of the cell. In step 3, the chromosomes line up at the center. In step 4, the cell is divided.

Which is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain of cellular respiration?

NADH

FADH2

oxygen

carbon dioxide

Which structure will form when a primitive cell engulfs an aerobic bacterium?

mitochondria

chloroplast

nucleus

cell membrane

The Venn diagram compares aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration.Which statement could be categorized in the overlapping section of the Venn diagram?

uses pyruvic acid

has commercial uses

regenerates NADH

produces 36 ATP

The table lists some organelles and functions. Only one pair is correctly matched.Functions of OrganellesOrganelleFunctionLysosomeStores water and waste materialsVacuoleBreaks down sugarsMitochondrion Breaks down waste materials and debrisRibosomeProduces proteins for the cellWhich organelle in the table is correctly matched with its function?

lysosome

vacuole

mitochondrion

ribosome

The data in the graph are the result of a paramecium being placed in a hypertonic salt solution.Based on the data in the graph, which would most likely happen if the paramecium were placed in distilled water?

The contractions would increase.

The contractions would decrease.

The contractions would cease altogether.

The contractions would establish dynamic equilibrium.

The concentration of sodium on the inside of the cell is 20 mM. The outside of the cell has a sodium concentration of 115 mM. Which mechanism of ion uptake would best move sodium from the inside of the cell to the outside?

osmosis

diffusion

passive transport

active transport

Which statement best describes the overall change that occurs as a result of mitosis?

One cell becomes two cells that have identical copies of DNA.

One cell becomes two cells that have different copies of DNA.

Two cells become two cells that have identical copies of DNA.

Two cells become two cells that have different copies of DNA.

James wants to create a self-sustaining ecosystem, or vivarium. Which method would most likely result in an ecosystem that is viable for the longest amount of time with no additional care?

Put a few plants, water, sand, and a heat lamp inside a clear glass aquarium and seal the top. Place it in a sunny location.

Put water, fertilizer, soil, plants and insects in an open, clear glass aquarium. Place it in an area that has some sunlight and some shade.

Put rocks, water, and many plants in an open, dark-colored plastic tub. Place it in an area with direct sunlight.

Put soil, water, many plants, and a few insects in a sealed, clear plastic aquarium. Place it in an area with indirect sunlight.

Chloroplasts have a complex internal structure, as shown in the model below.In which location is glucose formed?

Location A

Location B

Location C

Location D

Which part of cell division is different in plant and animal cells?

cytokinesis

anaphase

mitosis

eukaryotic

Which is a function of the cell membrane?

performs photosynthesis

controls what enters and leaves the cell

produces proteins

provides energy to the cell

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