Answers CR03101 ChemistryLab: Calorimetry and Specific Heat

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Which sequence represents the relationship between pressure and volume of an ideal gas as explained by the kinetic-molecular theory?

more gas particles more collisions higher pressure

smaller volume crowded particles less collisions lower pressure

smaller volume crowded particles more collisions higher pressure

more gas particles more kinetic energy more volume higher pressure

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The diagram below shows the different phase transitions that occur in matter.Which best describes the process that arrow 1 represents?

Molecules are speeding up during boiling.

Molecules are depositing as ice on a surface.

Molecules are slowing down during condensing.

Molecules are moving from stationary positions.

Which statement describes the law of conservation of energy?

All systems will exchange matter and energy with their surroundings.

All systems can exchange energy, but not matter, with their surroundings.

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, but it changes from one form to another.

Energy is destroyed in most chemical reactions when new products are formed.

Why do amorphous solids not have a long-range order in the arrangement of their particles?

Their formation involves very rapid cooling.

They do not have enough particles.

Their particles eventually change positions.

Their particles always stay in the same positions.

Which statement best explains the change that occurs when gas particles move more slowly?

The temperature increases because the average kinetic energy decreases.

The temperature increases because the average kinetic energy increases.

The temperature decreases because the average kinetic energy decreases.

The temperature decreases because the average kinetic energy increases.

When the process of condensation occurs, the kinetic energy of particles

is insufficient to overcome intermolecular forces.

becomes independent of temperature.

becomes exactly equal to the intermolecular forces.

easily overcomes the intermolecular forces.

When ammonium chloride is dissolved in water, the beaker gets cold. Which type of reaction does this describe?

exothermic

endothermic

both exothermic and endothermic

neither exothermic nor endothermic

Which is a postulate of the kinetic-molecular theory?

Gas particles have a small volume relative to the spaces between them.

Gas particles have a large volume relative to the spaces between them.

Gas particles are very small in size and always move slowly.

Gas particles are very large in size and always move slowly.

A book is falling from the top shelf of a bookcase. Which statement correctly describes the change in the energy of the book?

The potential energy and kinetic energy remain the same.

The potential energy decreases as kinetic energy increases.

The kinetic energy decreases as potential energy increases.

The kinetic energy remains at zero, but potential energy increases.

Which commercial technology commonly uses plasmas?

a radio

a race car

a television

a microwave oven

Which is an aspect of the kinetic-molecular theory and can be used to explain the compressibility of plasmas?

Particles move independently of one another and are widely spaced.

Particle kinetic energy increases with increasing temperature.

Particles exert no attractive or repulsive force on one another.

Particles always move even when they have fixed positions.

An ice cube is dropped into a glass of milk at 20°C. Which statement explains the transfer of kinetic energy (KE)?

Because milk has higher KE than ice, KE is transferred from the milk to the molecules of ice.

Because milk has higher KE than ice, KE is transferred from the molecules of ice to the milk.

Because ice has higher KE than milk, KE is transferred from the milk to the molecules of ice.

Because ice has higher KE than milk, KE is transferred from the molecules of ice to the milk.

According to the kinetic-molecular theory, what happens to a liquid when it is transferred from one container to another?

The volume and the shape stay the same.

The volume increases to fill the new container, but the shape stays the same.

The volume stays the same, but the shape changes to fit the new container.

The volume and the shape change to fill the new container.

A copper rod that has a mass of 200.0 g has an initial temperature of 20.0°C and is heated to 40.0°C. If 1,540 J of heat are needed to heat the rod, what is the specific heat of copper?Use .

0.0130 J/(gi°C)

0.0649 J/(gi°C)

0.193 J/(gi°C)

0.385 J/(gi°C)

Consider the temperature versus time graph below.At what temperature is the substance a heated gas?

at 100°C

below 0°C

above 100°C

between 0°C and 100°C

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