Answers CR03101 ChemistryUnit Test

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Which of the following best identifies where long-range order would be found?

in amorphous solids

in crystalline solids

in thermal plasmas

in nonthermal plasmas

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Which device involves the use of plasma in technology?

arc welder

diesel engine

a car radio

battery-operated flashlight

Which change of state involves a release of energy?

boiling

condensation

melting

sublimation

Malia was able to make a paperclip float on the surface of water. What will most likely happen to the paperclip if a drop of dishwashing detergent is added near it?

Soap is a surfactant that increases the intermolecular forces of water allowing the paperclip to continue to float.

Soap makes the water less viscous making the paperclip sink.

Soap is a surfactant that disrupts the intermolecular forces of water making the paperclip sink.

Soap makes the water more viscous allowing the paperclip to continue to float.

The particles of a gas inside a balloon are experiencing an increase in their average kinetic energy and the number of collisions with the wall of the balloon. What is the most likely outcome?

higher gas pressure inside the balloon

higher air pressure outside the balloon

a decrease in gas temperature inside the balloon

a large increase in air temperature outside the balloon

What explains the key difference between a bomb calorimeter and a coffee cup calorimeter?

A bomb calorimeter is 10 times larger but works the same way.

A bomb calorimeter measures heat for liquid products only.

A bomb calorimeter has a separate chamber to hold substances and can even measure heat gain or loss for reactions that do not occur in water.

A bomb calorimeter can measure heat gain or loss in gaseous reactions but is not useful for reactions that occur at high pressures and temperatures.

A metal sample is heated and placed into the water in a calorimeter at room temperature. Which statement best describes how the calorimeter can be used to determine the specific heat capacity of the metal sample?

Energy transfers to the metal from the water and calorimeter until they are all at room temperature.

Energy transfers from the metal to the water and calorimeter until they are all at room temperature.

Energy transfers to the metal from the water and calorimeter until they all reach a single temperature.

Energy transfers from the metal to the water and calorimeter until they all reach a single temperature.

According to the kinetic-molecular theory, the average kinetic energy of gas particles depends on which factor?

volume

pressure

temperature

number of particles

Which statement best explains why heating a liquid affects its viscosity?

The molecules move faster at higher temperatures and overcome attractions more easily.

The molecules move faster at higher temperatures, and the attractions between them increase.

The molecules move slower at higher temperatures and overcome attractions more easily.

The molecules move slower at higher temperatures, and the attractions between them decrease.

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Which statement best describes the direction of heat flow by conduction between two samples of the same material?

Heat flows from faster molecules to slower molecules when they are near.

Heat flows from faster molecules to slower molecules when they collide.

Heat flows from slower molecules to faster molecules when they are near.

Heat flows from slower molecules to faster molecules when they collide.

Which direction does thermal energy flow in the following diagram?

Heat flows from the ice cream to the hand.

Heat flows from the hand to the ice cream.

The system is in a state of equilibrium.

The system is too cold for heat to move.

Which is the best example of how electromagnetic energy is used?

a pot of boiling water on a gas stove

a patient receiving an X-ray in a hospital

a car burning gasoline to power the engine

a car of a roller coaster moving quickly down a slope

This heating curve is produced when a certain substance is heated.Which best compares the particles of the substance when it is in region 1 with the particles of the substance when it is in region 3?

The particles are slower in region 3.

The particles are more orderly in region 1.

The particles have more kinetic energy in region 1.

The particles have less freedom of motion in region 3.

Two metal blocks that have slightly different temperatures are placed next to one another. After five minutes, they both have lower but equal temperatures. According to the law of conservation of energy, what most likely happened?

Energy was created inside the blocks.

Energy was destroyed inside the blocks.

Energy was absorbed into the blocks from outside the system.

Energy was transferred from the warmer block to the cooler block.

A perfume bottle is dropped in the corner of a room and it shattered. The odor of the perfume can be detected on the other side of the room. Which statement best describes this observation?

Particles are moving from regions of high concentration to low concentration.

Particles are moving from regions of low concentration to high concentration.

Particles are moving through a small opening into a smaller volume.

Particles are moving through a small opening into a larger volume.

Which best describes heat?

energy that is carried by electric and magnetic fields

energy that decreases as a car slows to a stop

energy that increases as a book is lifted to a higher shelf

energy that flows from a hot mug of tea to a cold hand

How should the baking of a pizza be categorized?

as an exothermic process because the dough releases heat

as an endothermic process because the dough releases heat

as an exothermic process because the dough absorbs heat

as an endothermic process because the dough absorbs heat

Which is the best example of immiscible liquids?

two polar liquids that have high surface tensions

a polar liquid and a nonpolar liquid that have low surface tensions

two nonpolar liquids that can dissolve into one another

a polar liquid and a nonpolar liquid that do not dissolve into one another

Complete combustion of a 0.350 g sample of a compound in a bomb calorimeter releases 14.0 kJ of heat. The bomb calorimeter has a mass of 1.20 kg and a specific heat of 3.55 J/(gi°C). If the initial temperature of the calorimeter is 22.5°C, what is its final temperature?Use .

19.2°C

25.8°C

34.2°C

72.3°C

Bromine gas in a container is heated over a flame. What happens to the average kinetic energy of the bromine particles?

It decreases rapidly.

It increases quickly.

It remains the same.

It decreases slowly.

Which reaction is endothermic?

HCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O + 58 kJ

6CO2 + 12H2O + energy C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

2Na + Cl2 2NaCl + energy

2C2H6 + 7O2 4CO2 + 6H2O + 2,502 kJ

Which is an aspect of the kinetic-molecular theory and can be used to explain the behavior of plasmas?

Particle spacing can allow a very high density.

Particle kinetic energy is independent of temperature.

Particles vibrate quickly in stationary positions.

Particles exchange energy through elastic collisions.

A substance is tested in a lab. It is found to maintain a unique shape and is a good conductor of electricity. If it is made up of electrons, protons, and neutrons, what state of matter is this substance most likely to be?

gas

liquid

plasma

solid

The diagram below shows the different phase transitions that occur in matter. Which arrow represents the transition in which dew is formed?

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