Answers FL-2000310-Biology 1Asexual and Sexual Reproduction

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The chemical reaction equation of photosynthesis is shown here:6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2What information is not given in this equation.

It does not show if the reaction is reversible

It does not show the reactants needed for the reaction

It does not show that photosynthesis consists of many separate steps.

It does not show the number of molecules required to produce glucose.

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Which statement explains how ATP and its phosphate groups are related to the energy that is used in plant processes?

ADP loses a phosphate group to create ATP, which stores energy for making sugars.

ADP gains a phosphate group to create ATP, which stores energy for making sugars.

ADP loses a phosphate group to create ATP; this process instantly releases energy for making sugars.

ADP gains a phosphate group to create ATP; this process results from sugar production.

After Frida stops exercising, she continues to breathe heavily. What is most likely occurring in her body?

Heavy breathing during exercise has produced an oxygen surplus in her muscles. This oxygen is being transported to her lungs. This is a result of aerobic respiration.

Heavy breathing during exercise has produced a carbon dioxide surplus in her muscles. Lactate is being transported to her liver. This is a result of aerobic respiration.

Strenuous exercise has caused her body to be in carbon dioxide debt, and she is breathing hard while lactate is transported to the liver. This is a result of anaerobic respiration.

Strenuous exercise has caused her body to be in oxygen debt, and she is breathing hard while lactate is transported to the liver. This is a result of anaerobic respiration.

During photosynthesis, the energy from sunlight is used to split water molecules. What happens to the hydrogen ions that are split from the water molecules?

They flow out of the thylakoid, providing energy to add a phosphate group to ADP.

They build up in the thylakoid, providing energy to break apart ATP molecules.

They build up in the thylakoid, where they bond to each other to create ATP.

They flow out of the thylakoid, where they stimulate enzymes to break apart ATP.

What is the end result of meiosis?

four identical daughter cells

four different daughter cells

two identical daughter cells

two different daughter cells

Which component of Earth’s atmosphere is decreased due to photosynthesis?

ozone

oxygen

hydrogen peroxide

carbon dioxide

If a runner is doing vigorous exercise, which results from the anaerobic cellular process?

accumulation of lactic acid

accumulation of oxygen

depletion of ethanol

depletion of carbon dioxide

Which statement is factual?

Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are identical to the parent.

Sexual reproduction allows for diploid gametes to combine to increase genetic variation.

Asexual reproduction leads to the formation of haploid gametes.

Sexual reproduction does not require the production of gametes.

Which correctly describes crossing over?

the process whereby non-sister chromatids exchange genetic material

the process whereby homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles of the cell

the process whereby sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cell

the process whereby homologous chromosome pairs align randomly along the metaphase plate

Which process produces clones?

asexual reproduction

sexual reproduction

chromosome duplication

gamete formation

Imagine that a disorder that causes the cell cycle to stop affects the muscle cells of a frog’s leg. What consequence is most likely to follow?

The frog will immediately not be able to use the muscle.

An injury to the muscle will not heal.

The frog will not be able to reproduce.

A broken bone in that leg will not mend.

What role does cellular respiration play in the carbon cycle?

It removes CO2 from the atmosphere during glycolysis.

It removes CO2 from the atmosphere during the citric acid cycle.

It releases CO2 to the atmosphere during acetyl CoA formation.

It releases CO2 to the atmosphere during electron transport.

Which organism would be the best subject for a study of both photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

a green plant

a chemosynthetic bacterium

an animal that eats plants

an animal that eats animals

How does interphase prepare cells for mitosis?

rest prior to cell division

growth of cell and replication of DNA

dissolution of nucleus and cell membrane

division of cytoplasm

Some single-celled organisms make copies of themselves through mitosis. Which describes the function of the cell cycle in such single-celled organisms?

reproduction

repair

growth

protection

How has the study of mitosis affected scientists’ knowledge of cancer?

It led to a study of how to induce cancer cells to divide more rapidly.

It led to an understanding of how cancer cells divide so rapidly.

It led to the development of contact-inhibition regulators.

It led to the discovery of how to prevent cancer cells from dividing.

The diagram shows a phase of mitosis.Which does the letter A represent in the diagram?

centriole

chromosome

centromere

spindle

During which step of cellular respiration is the most ATP produced?

Krebs cycle

glycolysis

photosynthesis

electron transport chain

Each year, about 1.2 million cases of skin cancer are reported worldwide. An increased exposure to environmental conditions is a major link to the increase in cases. Based on this information, which is the best conclusion?

Limiting exposure to the sun may reduce the chance of skin cancer.

Limiting exposure to the sun may increase the chance of skin cancer.

Increasing exposure to the sun may reduce the chance of skin cancer.

Increasing exposure to the sun will not affect the chance of skin cancer.

The graphic below shows how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are related.Which label in the graphic represents the energy that is released from glucose by cellular respiration?

Oxygen

Glucose

Energy stored as ATP

Carbon dioxide and water

If the number of photosynthetic organisms on Earth decreased drastically, which would happen as a result?

Less water would be available on Earth’s surface.

Less solar energy would reach Earth’s atmosphere.

More oxygen gas would be found in Earth’s atmosphere.

More carbon dioxide gas would be found in Earth’s atmosphere.

It is crucial that the process of mitosis is error free. This is because otherwise healthy cells can

grow into giant super cells.

undergo meiosis.

become cancer cells.

produce two identical cells.

Meiosis occurs in a series of different phases and creates genetically unique reproductive cells. Which process helps make meiotic cells genetically different and occurs during prophase I, but not during prophase II?

fertilization

independent assortment

crossing over

chromosome replication

A scientist hypothesized that oxygen atoms from both carbon dioxide and water are used to make glucose during photosynthesis. However, experimental results using oxygen isotopes showed that all of the oxygen from the water ended up in the oxygen molecules that were produced. None of the oxygen from water was found in glucose. What should the scientist do to best gain scientific understanding of this topic?

Analyze the results, and change the experimental methods to retest the hypotheses in a different way.

Discard the faulty results that do not support the original hypothesis, and repeat the experiment using the same methods.

Analyze the procedural errors that took place in the experiment, and summarize these in a conclusion statement.

Repeat the experiment and adjust new data to support the original hypothesis.

Mira analyzed oxygen and carbon dioxide in inhaled and exhaled air. She found that the percentages of both gases were different in each. What other gas would most likely also have different amounts in inhaled and exhaled air?

ozone (O3)

hydrogen (H2)

water vapor (H2O)

sulfur dioxide (SO2)

Which statement correctly compares and contrasts the three stages of cellular respiration that occur in the presence of oxygen?

Each stage occurs in the mitochondria, but only the final stage produces ATP.

Each stage produces ATP, but only the third stage occurs in the mitochondria.

Each stage produces ATP, but only the first stage occurs in the cytoplasm.

Each stage occurs in the cytoplasm, but only the final stage produces ATP.

The illustration below shows the steps of meiosis I. What is the step that is labeled D?

metaphase I

metaphase II

telophase II

telophase I

When skin cells are damaged by sunlight or injury, the cell cycle helps by promoting.

reproduction.

repair.

synthesis.

growth.

Which process is similar to binary fission?

genetic variation

crossing over

meiosis

mitosis

An important difference between cellular respiration and photosynthesis is that when cellular respiration begins, glucose molecules are split. However, when photosynthesis begins

ADP molecules are split.

water molecules are split.

oxygen molecules are split.

carbon dioxide molecules are split.

Which best describes the processes of mitosis and meiosis?

Cells in mitosis go through the PMAT stages twice to produce diploid cells while cells in meiosis go through PMAT stages once to produce haploid cells.

Cells in mitosis and meiosis go through the PMAT stages twice to produce haploid cells.

Cells in mitosis go through the PMAT stages once to produce diploid cells while cells in meiosis go through PMAT stages twice to produce haploid cells.

Cells in mitosis and meiosis go through the PMAT stages once to produce diploid cells.

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