Answers PBCSD_Grade_Forgiveness_2109310_World History_S2_2015Revolutions in Latin America and the Caribbean

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How did the events of the Reformation affect the Enlightenment?

People challenged cultural institutions during the Reformation, which led them to challenge educational facilities during the Enlightenment.

People challenged educational facilities during the Reformation, which led them to challenge cultural institutions during the Enlightenment.

People challenged governmental authority during the Reformation, which led them to challenge religious institutions during the Enlightenment.

People challenged religious institutions during the Reformation, which led them to challenge governmental authority during the Enlightenment.

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Which statement best characterizes the ideas of Voltaire?

People are naturally reasonable.

People are naturally selfish and violent.

Governments create unequal societies.

Government should be separate from religion.

Why did Otto von Bismarck believe a war with France would help unify Germany?

He thought that Germany’s close relationship with France was a threat to German unity.

He wanted France to give up Prussia and other lands that rightfully belonged to Germany.

He hoped that the war would encourage German people to stop adopting French customs.

He believed that a war would give the people of Germany a strong sense of nationalist pride.

A standing army is one that is

available only in times of war.

permanent and available at all times.

available only after the harvests have been collected.

independent from the government.

How did Rousseau differ from Voltaire?

Rousseau was a French philosopher in the 1700s, while Voltaire was a French monarch in the 1600s.

Rousseau was a French monarch in the 1600s, while Voltaire was a French philosopher in the 1700s.

Rousseau argued against inequality among the classes, while Voltaire argued for freedom of speech and religion.

Rousseau argued for freedom of speech and religion, while Voltaire argued against inequality among the classes.

Who created the concept of a social contract?

Thomas Hobbes

John Locke

Baron de Montesquieu

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

What did Oliver Cromwell do after he became Lord Protector?

He freed Charles I from prison.

He abandoned the Puritan religion.

He called for the opening of theaters and pubs.

He ruled as a military dictator.

Toussaint L’Ouverture issued a constitution to ensure that

Haiti would never rejoin the French republic.

Haiti would rejoin the French republic.

officials would be elected.

slavery would be abolished.

The best definition of nationalism is devotion and loyalty to one’s

race.

region.

religion.

country.

Boyle’s law explains

the way to develop an idea and design an experiment.

the impact of gravity on the motion of objects on Earth.

the relationship between pressure and the volume of gas.

the elliptical orbit of Earth and other planets around the sun.

Read the excerpt from an 1852 speech by Italian statesman Giuseppe Mazzini on Lombardy, a region of Italy that was ruled by Austria at the time.[Lombardy] struggled, they still struggle . . . for country and liberty; . . . They speak the same language, they bear about them the impress of consanguinity [common ancestors], they kneel beside the same tombs, they glory in the same tradition; and they demand to associate freely, without obstacles, without foreign domination –Giuseppe Mazzini, On Nationality, 1852

Lombardy had some of the common bonds required of an independent nation-state, but not enough.

Lombardy should not struggle for independence because it had strong bonds with Austria.

Lombardy should be an independent nation-state because it had a strong national identity.

Lombardy should not be kept from enjoying personal independence because of Austria’s actions.

What key power did the British Parliament hold by 1600?

the power to tax

the power to choose a king

the power to try those accused of crimes

the power to declare war

What caused the Revolutions of 1848 in Europe? Check all that apply.Citizens wanted an end to foreign rule.Conservatives wanted stronger monarchs.Working people wanted social relief.Middle classes wanted more political power.Liberals wanted to remove all monarchs.

Citizens wanted an end to foreign rule.

Conservatives wanted stronger monarchs.

Working people wanted social relief.

Middle classes wanted more political power.

Liberals wanted to remove all monarchs.

What was the contributing factor to Napoleon’s defeat at the Battle of Trafalgar?

Spain allied with Britain, and together they defeated France’s weak navy.

Napoleon enlisted Spain’s help in forming a strong navy, but he was defeated anyway.

The allied forces, made up of all countries in Europe except France, defeated the French.

Spain refused Napoleon’s request for help and turned against France.

Simón Bolívar was known as the “Liberator” because he liberated

southern South America from Spanish rule.

southern South America from French rule.

northern South America from Spanish rule.

northern South America from French rule.

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