Answers 25-26 KCS18 Chemistry ICHalf-Life

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Which best describes what forms in nuclear fission?

two smaller, more stable nuclei

two larger, less stable nuclei

one smaller, less stable nucleus

one larger, more stable nucleus

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Consider the nuclear equation below.Which is the missing value that will balance the equation?

Which represents the balanced nuclear equation for the beta plus decay of C-11?

Superscript 11 subscript 6 upper C right arrow superscript 11 subscript 5 upper B plus superscript 0 subscript plus 1 e.

Superscript 11 subscript 6 upper C right arrow superscript 11 subscript 7 upper N plus superscript 0 subscript plus 1 e.

Superscript 11 subscript 6 upper C right arrow superscript 11 subscript 7 upper N plus superscript 0 subscript negative 1 e.

Superscript 11 subscript 6 upper C right arrow superscript 11 subscript 5 upper B plus superscript 0 subscript negative 1 e.

Potassium-40 has a half-life of 1.277 109 years. After 1.022 1010 years, how much potassium-40 will remain from a 500.3-g sample?

approximately 1.95 g

approximately 3.91 g

approximately 62.54 g

approximately 71.47 g

Which type of radiation do people try to protect themselves from by wearing protective clothing that is made of aluminum?

alpha radiation

beta radiation

gamma radiation

photon radiation

What occurs during one half-life?

Half of a daughter isotope undergoes radioactive decay to form a parent isotope.

Half of a parent isotope undergoes radioactive decay to form a daughter isotope.

All of a daughter isotope undergoes radioactive decay to form a parent isotope.

All of a parent isotope undergoes radioactive decay to form a daughter isotope.

Why would a doctor most likely restrict a patient’s contact with other people while the patient receives internal radiation?

The patient’s stress and anxiety would be eliminated.

High levels of radiation can diffuse through the patient’s skin.

Social contact would increase the effect of the radiation treatment.

Radioactive material can leave the patient’s body through saliva, sweat, and urine.

A radioactive nuclide that is used for radiation therapy for cancer has 33 neutrons and a mass number of 60. Which is the correct symbol for this nuclide?

Superscript 27 subscript 60 upper C o.

Superscript 33 subscript 60 upper C o.

Superscript 60 subscript 33 upper C o.

Superscript 60 subscript 27 upper C o.

A sample contains 25% parent isotope and 75% daughter isotopes. If the half-life of the parent isotope is 72 years, how old is the sample?

144 years old

216 years old

288 years old

360 years old

Which type of reaction does this diagram represent?

a chain reaction that is caused by nuclear fission

a chain reaction that is caused by nuclear fusion

a decrease in energy that is caused by nuclear fission

an increase in energy that is caused by nuclear fusion

Which best describes nuclear fusion?

A nucleus spontaneously splits and absorbs energy.

Two nuclei spontaneously combine and absorb energy.

A nucleus collides with a neutron and splits, releasing energy.

Nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy.

Which statement about the half-life of a radioactive sample is true?

It is an exact measure of the decay of an individual atom.

It measures the tendency of a radioisotope to decay radioactively.

It is affected by the concentration of the radioactive substance that is present.

It can be calculated based on neutron number.

The alpha decay of a radioactive nuclide (X) emits a He-4 nucleus and produces an isotope of . What is X?

Superscript 235 subscript 91 upper P a.

Superscript 235 subscript 93 upper N p.

Superscript 236 subscript 92 upper U.

Superscript 239 subscript 94 upper P u.

Consider the three equations below.Which statement do these reactions best support?

Beta decay occurs only in certain atoms.

Alpha decay occurs only in certain atoms.

Chain reactions play important roles in the process of nuclear fission.

Nuclear fusion plays an important role in making elements that are heavier than helium.

Which radiation detection method creates visible trails that can show the direction of ionizing particles?

Geiger counter

scintillation counter

film badge

cloud chamber

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