Answers 2026 Summer 305 CR_2002070-MJ Comprehensive Science 2Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Unit Test Answers

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In a grassland ecosystem, praying mantises catch and eat grasshoppers. However, there has been a significant decrease in the praying mantis population in recent years.How will this most likely affect the grasshopper population over time?

The population will decrease because grasshoppers are the competition.

The population will increase because grasshoppers are the prey.

The population will increase because grasshoppers are the competition.

The population will decrease because grasshoppers are the prey.

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Which is the best example of commensalism?

Honey bees feed on the pollen of cornflowers and help the flowers reproduce.

Barnacles ride on a gray whale’s back to obtain food, and the whale is not harmed.

Squirrels and chipmunks eat the same nuts in a forest where food is scarce.

Prairie dogs often collect and eat food in groups so they are better protected from enemies.

Kendra is studying the energy pyramid shown.

The ecosystem can support fewer foxes than grasshoppers.

Foxes require less energy than birds.

The ecosystem can support more foxes than birds.

Grasshoppers require more energy than birds.

Which organism is a producer?

oak tree

mushroom

mountain lion

butterfly

Study the image.

an organism

a community

a niche

a population

Study the picture of the ocean.

The environment contains several of the same species of coral.

The shallow area of the ocean meets the needs of the coral and the fish.

The ocean has fish and coral that live in the same area.

The coral take in food from the water and provide shelter for the fish.

What is the source of energy in most ecosystems?

animals

plants

oxygen

sunlight

In the Arctic, caribou and musk ox eat different kinds of plants, but the plants they eat typically grow in the same area. Therefore, these two species often require the same space in which to feed. In one part of the Arctic, caribou numbers have decreased and musk ox numbers have increased.Which best summarizes this scenario?

This is an example of cooperation, and the musk ox were better adapted to the environment.

This is an example of predation, and the musk ox were better adapted to the environment.

This is an example of competition, and the musk ox were better adapted to the environment.

This is an example of competition, and the caribou were better adapted to the environment.

parasitismmutualismcommensalismcooperation

parasitism

mutualism

commensalism

cooperation

An ocean food chain is shown.

clownfish

brittle star

killer whale

octopus

Examine the stone building shown.

abiotic because it is made from rock

biotic because it is made from rock

abiotic because it is a resource that living things use

biotic because it is a resource that living things use

The picture shows a natural environment.

water, sky, rocks, sand

bush, snake, cactus, rat

rat, sand, cactus, snake

bush, water, sky, snake

Kayla is learning about ecology and made a study chart.Which headings best complete the chart?

X: AbioticY: Biotic

X: BioticY: Abiotic

X: NicheY: Habitat

X: HabitatY: Niche

An energy pyramid shows the amount of available at each feeding level in an ecosystem.

Answer not available

Which statement describes the habitat of polar bears?

Polar bears eat meat, so they are carnivores.

Polar bears are predators because they hunt other animals.

Polar bears live in the Arctic, where it is cold and icy.

Polar bears are active all year and do not hibernate.

Rosa has a vegetable garden. She places earthworms, which are decomposers, in the garden soil.What is Rosa most likely trying to do?

prevent insects from eating the plants

create usable food energy for the plants

enrich the soil with nutrients

kill the bacteria in the soil

hostcompetitorpreyparasite

host

competitor

prey

parasite

A group of organisms of the same species that live in an area is called a(n) .

Answer not available

How is an individual palm tree growing in a tropical forest classified?

organism

population

abiotic

habitat

The picture shows an interaction within an environment.

Two abiotic factors are interacting.

Two biotic factors are interacting.

The tree is abiotic and is interacting with a biotic factor.

The tree is biotic and is interacting with an abiotic factor.

In a rainforest food chain, caterpillars and butterflies eat orchid plants. Toucans eat the caterpillars and butterflies. Leopards eat the toucans.Which statement describes the energy in this food chain?

The leopards gain energy directly from the butterflies.

The orchids have the least amount of available energy.

The caterpillars gain energy directly from the orchids.

The toucans have more available energy than the butterflies.

Certain bacteria live in plant roots and receive sugars from the plants. The bacteria provide a source of useful nitrogen for the plants.This best describes which type of relationship?

parasitism

competition

mutualism

predation

Study the diagram of a desert food chain.

The number of snakes would increase.

The number of cactus plants would increase.

The number of foxes would be unaffected.

The number of cactus plants would be unaffected.

Which are examples of biotic factors? Select three options. rotting logstream waterdead leavesbacteriasoil

rotting log

stream water

dead leaves

bacteria

soil

Which term best describes all of the different species of insects living in a rainforest?

a number of populations

a niche

a number of communities

a habitat

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