Answers Q5 Biology 2014Lab: Blood Typing

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In which of the following scenarios does skin help to maintain body temperature?

When jumping into cold water, one’s skin releases body heat into the water.

While walking during a hot summer day, sweat on the skin evaporates and cools the body.

After accidentally touching a hot cookie sheet, a blister forms on one’s finger where all the heat entered the body.

After a long run, an Olympic athlete stretches out her arms and legs.

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A sudden change in the body’s salt and water balance would most likely be caused by a malfunction in which organ?

liver

kidney

bladder

lungs

How does the respiratory system help build social relationships?

The respiratory system helps produce sound, which enables humans to communicate with one another.

The respiratory system helps prevent the spread of disease so humans are able to live in communities together.

The respiratory system helps humans have feelings and base decisions on those feelings.

The respiratory system helps humans remember and recall memories of friends and special times.

The graph shows the changing levels of hormones during menstruation and ovulation. In general, what happens to the hormone levels between days 21 and 27, just prior to menstruation if the egg was not fertilized?

Hormone levels generally decrease.

Hormone levels generally rise.

Hormone levels remain the same.

Hormone levels go in two different directions.

What does the immune system protect the body against?

changes of the internal body temperature

changes in the temperature of environment

changes caused by harmful pathogens

changes in the pH of the blood

Which of the following has the smallest number of cells?

blastocyst

zygote

fetus

embryo

Asthma is a respiratory disorder that can cause the airways to temporarily constrict, or get narrower. Which function of the respiratory system is most affected by the narrowing of the airways?

water balance

air filtration

heat balance

gas exchange

What do the pancreas, liver, salivary glands, and gall bladder have in common?

They are all involved in mechanical digestion.

They are all accessory structures.

They all digest carbohydrates.

They all release digestive enzymes.

Which causes a drop in female hormone levels?

the onset of the menstrual flow

the release of an egg from the ovary

the thickening of the uterine wall

the failure of an egg to be fertilized

During a third-trimester ultrasound, what would a doctor expect to observe in a fetus?

initial development of organs

response to noise and light

presence of a tail-like structure

the first heartbeat

Leukopenia is a condition characterized by a decrease in white blood cells. What effect does leukopenia have on the body's ability to fight infection?

Leukopenia increases the body's ability to fight infection.

Leukopenia decreases the body's ability to fight infection.

Leukopenia has no effect on the body's ability to fight infection.

Leukopenia increases the body's ability to fight infection at certain times and decreases it at other times.

What do structures B and C have in common?

Both contain chyme.

Both contain partially digested food.

Both contain waste material ready for removal.

Both contain stored food.

In the 1950s, the structure of DNA was discovered by using models and x-ray chromatography. Currently, science has used advanced technology to completely map out the genes in a human’s body. What would be the best advantage of using this information?

gene therapy to correct defective genes that cause diseases

gene therapy to remove bacteria from the soil

more communicable diseases

fewer communicable diseases

Lice are small wingless insects that make their home in human hair and feed on very small amounts of blood from the scalp. They can be transferred from person to person and through the use of contaminated items such as brushes or pillows. Which type of disease is lice infestation?

communicable

noncommunicable

genetic

lifestyle

Asbestosis is a lung disease that is caused by inhaling asbestos, a mineral that was once used as insulation and fire retardant in building materials. Which best describes abestosis?

It disproves spontaneous generation.

It offers supporting evidence regarding miasma.

Its transmission cannot be studied using the germ theory of disease.

Its transmission can be studied using the germ theory of disease.

A team from New York Presbyterian hospital is conducting a study about a recent increase in cases involving both excess sweating and kidney stones. What would the team need before it draws a conclusion about the cases?

medications that are specifically designed to treat the sickness

machines that are built to process blood and reduce symptoms until patients are healthy again

data that profile the various patients who report these symptoms

proof that the excess sweating is related to the excessive kidney stones

A disorder causes a human offspring to have 47 chromosomes instead of 46. In which process was there most likely a malfunction?

birth

blastocyst formation

fetal development

gametogenesis

Which best describes the testes?

They produce hormones and sperm.

They are the male copulatory organ.

They give sperm nourishment and motility.

They are the pouch-like skin that protects the scrotum.

Homeostasis is the ability of the body to maintain internal balance despite changing external conditions. How does the respiratory system help maintain homeostasis?

The respiratory system helps release hormones to control body processes.

The respiratory system helps release unwanted heat and water from the body.

The respiratory system produces white blood cells that kill disease-causing organisms.

The respiratory system releases enzymes that help in the break down of food.

Which terms best complete the chart about characteristics of human development between fertilization and birth?Stages of Human GestationFirst trimesterSecond trimesterThird trimester- Embryo develops- Organs begin to develop- (1)- Starts swallowing- Fat begins to develop- (2)- All organs are developed- Can hear and see- (3)

(1) Facial features form(2) Heartbeat can be heard(3) Nerve cells develop rapidly

(1) Heartbeat can be heard(2) Nerve cells develop rapidly(3) Facial features form

(1) Nerve cells develop rapidly(2) Facial features form(3) Heartbeat can be heard

(1) Facial features form(2) Nerve cells develop rapidly(3) Heartbeat can be heard

Which of the following describes the epididymis?

a tube that transports sperm to the urethra

a vesicle that produces fluid and gives sperm nourishment and motility

a gland that contributes fluid to semen

a tube that stores and develops sperm cells from the testes

How does the structure of the alveoli allow for its function of gas exchange?

Alveolar sacs have space to hold mucus that makes gas exchange easier.

Alveolar sacs rely on valves to ensure that air flows only in one direction.

Alveolar sacs are located within muscles that contract, which increases gas exchange.

Alveolar sacs are surrounded by thin capillaries where gases can be exchanged.

Which of the following starts to break down as soon as they enter the mouth?

carbohydrates

proteins

fats

nucleic acids

The pharynx is the structure in the body that serves as a pathway of both air and food. How does the body make sure that food does not get into the lungs?

The salivary glands secrete enzymes that pull food out of the air pathway.

The small intestine pushes the air out of the digestive system.

The pancreas breaks down food in the air pathway.

The epiglottis closes the air pathway so that food will not enter it.

What would cause antibodies to attack the cells of the body?

The cells support bacterial growth.

The cells are worn out and need to be replaced.

The antibodies mistakenly identify the cells as foreign material.

The red blood cells are malfunctioning.

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