Answers PBCSD_Grade_Forgiveness_2001310_Earth Space Science_S2_2019Unit Test

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What will a medium-mass star become at the very end of its life cycle?

a red giant

a black hole

a black dwarf

a neutron star

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What can be observed only by observing its effects on gravity?

dark matter

a solar nebula

gas and dust

a planetesimal

What is some of the evidence used by Galileo to support Copernicus’s model and disprove Aristotle and Ptolemy’s?

Each planet spins in an epicycle.

Planets appear to move backward.

Jupiter has moons orbiting it.

The religious and cultural beliefs supported this model.

How did Galileo increase public support for Copernicus’s model?

by publishing his work in Italian

by using data collected by Tycho Brahe

by explaining why planets appear to move backward

by arguing that Earth’s rotation makes objects appear to move in the sky

In what way has technology used aboard the International Space Station benefited humans back on Earth?

Robotic arms used aboard the ISS are now used in delicate surgeries on Earth.

Air purifiers developed for the ISS now provide cleaner air for humans on Earth.

Software created for the ISS was adapted and is now used to conduct brain surgery on Earth.

Research conducted on the ISS crew about heart disease is now used to help patients on Earth.

Which describes data that is faked or misplaced?

reasonable

authentic

invalid

accurate

What is released through nuclear fusion in stars?

energy

gas

mass

pressure

Which technology can observe electromagnetic radiation and avoid light pollution to allow for exploration beyond our solar system?

space probe

space station

space shuttle

space observatory

Alisha organizes her data about the element lead into a table.Which did Alisha place in the wrong column?

Density: 11.34 g/cm3

Soft

Solid at room temperature

Malleable

About how long does it take Earth to complete one revolution around the Sun?

1 year

14 days

24 hours

27.3 days

According to the big bang theory, which statement is accurate about how the universe came to be?

It expanded slowly.

It gradually warmed.

Stars and galaxies formed.

Atoms such as hydrogen were destroyed.

Which type of star system has the most stars?

open cluster

globular cluster

eclipsing binary

binary star system

How is the moon illuminated?

It produces its own light.

It reflects light from the Sun.

It transforms energy into light.

It absorbs light from the Earth.

Which type of galaxy has arms that contain sites of active star formation and start close to a bulge in the center?

elliptical

irregular

barred spiral

normal spiral

Which statement accurately describes a light-year?

It is the shape of a galaxy.

It is the distance that light travels in a year.

It is a yearly measurement of light given off by stars.

It is the amount of time it takes light to travel one million kilometers.

Which object(s) formed last in our solar system?

the Sun

the solar nebula

the inner planets

the planetesimals

What occurs when the moon blocks the view of the Sun?

neap tide

spring tide

solar eclipse

lunar eclipse

What are the two main types of star clusters?

binary and wobbling

eclipsing and binary

globular and eclipsing

open and globular

Analyze the graph.

increasing parking meters

increasing traffic signals

increasing places to park bikes

decreasing bike-repair shops

Which is capable of housing astronauts while they conduct research?

a rover

a satellite

a space station

a space observatory

How was Aristotle’s model similar to Ptolemy’s model?

Both models stated that the planets rotate on their axes.

Both models stated that Earth is the center of the system around which other objects orbit.

Both models stated that the planets and objects in the solar system have small orbits called epicycles.

Both models stated that the Sun is the center of the system around which objects have elliptical orbits.

Which two characteristics are used to classify stars on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram?

size and density

density and composition

composition and temperature

temperature and absolute brightness

Which event occurs during high tide?

All of Earth’s ocean levels rise.

The moon’s orbit is closer to Earth.

The gravity of the Sun and moon cause the Earth’s crust and water to bulge.

Earth’s crust and water are being pulled in opposite directions by the Sun and moon.

Which planet is terrestrial?

Jupiter

Mars

Saturn

Uranus

What is a nebula?

the core of a massive star

a cloud of gas and dust in space

a swirling disk with a lot of gravity

the debris remaining after a supernova

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