Answers NY-Chemistry Term 1 HillcrestUnit Test

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Which is the best example of immiscible liquids?

two polar liquids that have high surface tensions

a polar liquid and a nonpolar liquid that have low surface tensions

two nonpolar liquids that can dissolve into one another

a polar liquid and a nonpolar liquid that do not dissolve into one another

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Which change of state involves a release of energy?

boiling

condensation

melting

sublimation

The particles of a gas inside a balloon are experiencing an increase in their average kinetic energy and the number of collisions with the wall of the balloon. What is the most likely outcome?

higher gas pressure inside the balloon

higher air pressure outside the balloon

a decrease in gas temperature inside the balloon

a large increase in air temperature outside the balloon

Which is an aspect of the kinetic-molecular theory and can be used to explain the behavior of plasmas?

Particle spacing can allow a very high density.

Particle kinetic energy is independent of temperature.

Particles vibrate quickly in stationary positions.

Particles exchange energy through elastic collisions.

Which physical method can be used for obtaining a sample of salt from a small beaker of salt water?

boiling

freezing

chromatography

sorting

This heating curve is produced when a certain substance is heated.Which best compares the particles of the substance when it is in region 1 with the particles of the substance when it is in region 3?

The particles are slower in region 3.

The particles are more orderly in region 1.

The particles have more kinetic energy in region 1.

The particles have less freedom of motion in region 3.

Bromine gas in a container is heated over a flame. What happens to the average kinetic energy of the bromine particles?

It decreases rapidly.

It increases quickly.

It remains the same.

It decreases slowly.

Which pure substance can be classified as an element?

NO3

NaCl

H2SO4

Malia was able to make a paperclip float on the surface of water. What will most likely happen to the paperclip if a drop of dishwashing detergent is added near it?

Soap is a surfactant that increases the intermolecular forces of water allowing the paperclip to continue to float.

Soap makes the water less viscous making the paperclip sink.

Soap is a surfactant that disrupts the intermolecular forces of water making the paperclip sink.

Soap makes the water more viscous allowing the paperclip to continue to float.

Which process is a chemical change?

burning a match

boiling water

melting ice

breaking glass

A substance is tested in a lab. It is found to maintain a unique shape and is a good conductor of electricity. If it is made up of electrons, protons, and neutrons, what state of matter is this substance most likely to be?

gas

liquid

plasma

solid

Which statement describes an intensive property of matter?

It is the same for every sample of a single substance.

It depends on how a substance was formed.

It is the same for every sample of every substance.

It depends on the amount of substance present.

Which device involves the use of plasma in technology?

arc welder

diesel engine

a car radio

battery-operated flashlight

Which substance is a mixture?

table salt

gasoline

aluminum

carbon dioxide

Considering the temperature vs. time graph below, how does the temperature at the beginning of a change of state compare with the temperature at the end of the change?

The temperature is always lower.

The temperature is always the same.

The temperature is usually lower.

The temperature is usually higher.

Which of the following best identifies where long-range order would be found?

in amorphous solids

in crystalline solids

in thermal plasmas

in nonthermal plasmas

The diagram below shows the different phase transitions that occur in matter. Which arrow represents the transition in which dew is formed?

Air is made up of different gases, such as oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide. Which statement best describes these three components of air?

Oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide are all classified as pure substances.

Oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide cannot react with another substance.

Oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide are chemically bonded to one another.

Oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide can be classified as elements.

A perfume bottle is dropped in the corner of a room and it shattered. The odor of the perfume can be detected on the other side of the room. Which statement best describes this observation?

Particles are moving from regions of high concentration to low concentration.

Particles are moving from regions of low concentration to high concentration.

Particles are moving through a small opening into a smaller volume.

Particles are moving through a small opening into a larger volume.

A student is using a copper strip and a strong chlorine solution in her experiment. Which of these is a chemical property of one of her materials?

density of the copper strip

reactivity of the copper strip

odor of the chlorine solution

color of the chlorine solution

According to the kinetic-molecular theory, the average kinetic energy of gas particles depends on which factor?

volume

pressure

temperature

number of particles

Which statement best explains why heating a liquid affects its viscosity?

The molecules move faster at higher temperatures and overcome attractions more easily.

The molecules move faster at higher temperatures, and the attractions between them increase.

The molecules move slower at higher temperatures and overcome attractions more easily.

The molecules move slower at higher temperatures, and the attractions between them decrease.

Water’s molar mass is 18.01 g/mol. The molar mass of glycerol is 92.09 g/mol. At 25°C, glycerol is more viscous than water. Which substance has the stronger intermolecular attraction?

glycerol because it has a larger molar mass

glycerol because it is more viscous and has a larger molar mass

water because it has a lower molar mass

water because it is less viscous and has a lower molar mass

Which best describes the energy change that takes place during deposition?

Heat energy is released by the substance.

Heat energy is maintained by the substance.

Heat energy is slowly gained by the substance.

Heat energy is quickly absorbed by the substance.

Which description best characterizes the motion of particles in a solid?

slow but able to move past one another

fast and widely spaced

not moving

vibrating around fixed positions

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