Answers U.S. History IEffects of Technology on 1800s Society

Urban and Social Reforms Answers

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How did the growth of the rail networks affect the meatpacking industry?

The meatpacking industry shrank because the demand for other natural resources increased.

The meatpacking industry grew because the cattle population increased.

The meatpacking industry grew because railroads were used to deliver large quantities of meat to processing plants in major cities.

The meatpacking industry shrank because there was no safe way to transport meat on rail cars.

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Which of the following groups became the main residents of the inner city during the Gilded Age?

clerks and teachers

doctors and lawyers

the wealthy

the working poor

Which of the following statements best describes environmental changes caused by westward railroad expansion?

Western forests were cut down for lumber for railroad and bridge construction.

Western factories were built in what had been wooded rural areas.

Changes occurred only in the Western plains, where animal populations decreased.

The railroad expansion caused no environmental changes in the West.

The majority of immigrants and rural migrants who moved to American cities at the turn of the twentieth century became part of the

middle class.

working poor.

wealthy class.

working rich.

Which natural resource became more available to the American public as a result of railroad expansion?

natural gas

wood

coal

water

How did people use a telegraph to communicate without speech?

with a series of bells of varying pitches

with words typed out on a typewriter

with Morse code

with overland mail carriages

How did John D. Rockefeller horizontally integrate his monopoly in 1882?

He created a trust that controlled ninety percent of the nation's oil refineries.

He created a trust that controlled oil wells, refineries, and distribution networks.

He purchased coal plants around the country to add to his business.

He purchased iron mines around the country to add to his business.

Which of the following was a significant social change during the Gilded Age?

Women formed suffrage groups.

Women formed labor unions.

Employers stopped hiring children.

Employers created workplace protection for children.

Which statement best summarizes what US manufacturing had accomplished by 1900?

US manufacturing had surpassed the level of industrialized Britain, and the United States had become the world’s largest producer.

US manufacturing had surpassed the level of industrialized China, and the United States had become the world’s largest producer.

US manufacturing had surpassed the level of industrialized Russia, and the United States had become the world’s largest producer.

US manufacturing had surpassed the level of industrialized Latin American countries, and the United States had become the world’s largest producer.

An action taken by employers or by the government against workers who wanted to organize was

collective bargaining

boycotts

union busting

arbitration

How did Carnegie’s early job with the railroads greatly contribute to his success in the steel business?

It helped him predict that the demand for steel to build railroad tracks and bridges was growing.

It taught him how to lay railroad tracks with steel.

The Pennsylvania Railroad Company was his best customer when he built his business.

The Pennsylvania Railroad Company paid him well enough to eventually invest in his own business.

In which of the following situations would the government have been most likely to become involved in union protests?

a successful strike

a union formed against a company’s will

a violent or destructive protest

a request by management

Which is one reason that factory work was dangerous in the 1800s?

Machines were too difficult for workers to use.

There were not enough workers to operate large machines.

Most machines had few safety features.

There were not enough machines to meet demand for products.

Which of the following was a typical tactic of nativists in the early 1900s?

registering immigrants to vote

campaigning for pro-immigration laws

bullying and intimidating immigrants

paying immigrants to move out of cities

Opposition to Asian immigrants led to the 1907 Gentleman’s Agreement with Japan. This informal agreement stated that

Japan would stop giving passports to people who wanted to immigrate to the United States.

Japan would issue only five thousand passports per year to people who wanted to immigrate to the United States.

the United States could take away the citizenship of Japanese immigrants who lived in the United States.

the United States would stop giving passports to people who wanted to immigrate to Japan.

Look at the map.How did the railroads affect the relationship between eastern cities and the Great Plains?

Railroads brought settlers to cities in the East and crops and grain to farms in the Great Plains.

Railroads brought crops and grain to cities in the East and settlers to farms in the Great Plains.

Railroads brought settlers west, but did not bring anything east, so the relationship was not equal.

Railroads brought crops and grain east, but did not bring anything west, so the relationship was not equal.

In the mid- to late 1800s, the US government granted land to railroad companies to expand their networks. What is another way that railroad companies used the land?

They mined the land for coal and other natural resources.

They sold some of the land to farmers and ranchers.

They built factories along the rail lines.

They created land preservations in order to protect the environment.

A direct result of landlords not maintaining their tenements during the early 1900s was that

people only lived in them for short periods.

people were injured in unsafe living spaces.

rooms were overcrowded despite regulations.

elevators were frequently out of order.

In the Gilded age, how did monopolies affect many small businesses?

Monopolies helped small businesses grow.

Monopolies forced small businesses to shut down.

Monopolies had no effect on small businesses.

Monopolies provided customers for small businesses.

During the late 1800s, the Chinese immigration rate dramatically

decreased because of new legislation.

decreased because of a war in China.

increased because of a gold rush.

increased because of job opportunities.

In the late 1800s, where did most European immigrants live in the United States?

on large farms

in large cities

just outside cities

in small towns

During the Gilded Age, working women had

limited work opportunities and were paid less than men.

many work opportunities and were paid equal to men.

many work opportunities but were paid less than men.

limited work opportunities but were paid equal to men.

Read the quotation from Theodore Rhodie, a former Pullman employee.“I do not like to walk up there and hand up my membership in the American Railway Union because when a man asks me to give up my principles, my rights as an American citizen, he might just as well ask for my life.”To which result of the Pullman strike is Theodore Rhodie referring?

the loss of money by the Pullman Company

the imprisonment of Eugene V. Debs

the rehiring of workers who resigned from Debs’s union

the increase in anti-union court decisions

How did living in company towns make union membership more difficult for workers?

Workers received free homes, food, and clothing.

Company guards and agents spied on and reported workers.

Workers made enough money that they did not need unions.

They could fire workers who moved away from the town.

How did the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad affect companies that made products?

Companies could hire people who worked in different states.

Companies could build factories in the rural West.

Companies could expand into the South.

Companies could ship goods cheaply over long distances.

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