: Two species benefit from interaction with each otherExample: A hummingbird gets food from the nectar of a flower and then spreads the nectar’s pollen, helping the flower reproduce.
: One species benefits from the interaction, and the other species is harmed but not necessarily killedExample: Ticks feed on other animals’ blood, which can hurt the other animals.
: One species benefits from the interaction, and the other species is neither helped nor harmedExample: Egrets rely on cows to stir up dirt and bring food to the surface, but cows do not benefit.
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