Writing Workshop: Summarizing Historical Trends

Question 1

Read the quotation.“[T]o the victor belong the spoils of the enemy.”In this quotation, Senator William Marcy was comparing politics to

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war.

Question 2

In the late 1800s, roads, buildings, and utilities were repaired in specific New York City neighborhoods when citizens

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voted for the political machine.

Question 3

What made it easy for people to hold office under the spoils system?

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There were few or no specific requirements for office holders.

Question 4

Under the spoils system in federal and state government,

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elected officials appointed supporters to key positions.

Question 5

What is a political machine?

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a political party organization that gives favors in exchange for votes

Question 6

Who was the leader of the Tammany Hall political machine?

Question 7

Over time, the spoils system developed into the

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political machine system.

Question 8

People who opposed reform efforts led by President Garfield were called

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Stalwarts.

Question 9

How did the Pendleton Civil Service Act weaken the spoils system after President Garfield died?

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The act forced federal employees to pass competitive exams.

Question 10

What did President Jackson do when he was elected that was an example of the spoils system?

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He replaced hundreds of government workers with his own supporters.

Writing Workshop: Summarizing Historical Trends Answers