AnswersChemistryAcids and Bases

Acids and Bases — Test Answers

25 verified answers1 views
1
Free Preview

Which description correctly characterizes the acidity or basicity of a solution?

A
The higher the pH is, the more the hydroxide ion concentration decreases and the more acidic the solution becomes.
B
The lower the pH is, the more the hydronium ion concentration increases and the more basic the solution becomes.
C
The higher the pH is, the more the hydroxide ion concentration increases and the more basic the solution becomes.
D
The lower the pH is, the more the hydronium ion concentration decreases and the more acidic the solution becomes.
2
Free Preview

Consider the reaction. NH sub 4 raised to the plus plus cap h power sub 2 cap o rightarrow NH sub 3 plus cap h sub 3 cap o raised to the plus power Which is an acid-conjugate base pair?

A
NH sub 4 raised to the plus power and cap h sub 3 cap o raised to the plus power
B
NH sub 4 raised to the plus power and NH sub 3
C
cap h sub 2 cap o and cap h sub 3 cap o raised to the plus power
D
cap h sub 2 cap o and NH sub 3
3

Which of these refers to the strength of an acid?

A
the amount of hydrogen ions present in the acid
B
the amount of hydroxide ions present in a solution
C
an intrinsic characteristic of a particular acid, not related to concentration
D
a measure of the quantity of acid dissolved in water designated by molarity
5

Which equation represents the correct net ionic equation for the reaction between Ca(OH)_2 and cap h sub 2 SO sub 4 ?

A
Ca raised to the 2 plus power plus 20 cap h raised to the negative plus 2 power cap h raised to the plus plus SO power sub 4 raised to the 2 minus power rightarrow Ca raised to the 2 plus power plus SO sub 4 raised to the 2 minus power plus 2 cap h sub 2 cap o
B
Ca OH sub 2 plus cap h sub 2 SO sub 4 rightarrow CaSO sub 4 plus 2 cap h sub 2 cap o
C
2 cap h raised to the plus plus 2 power OH raised to the negative right arrow cap h sub 2 cap o power
D
cap h raised to the plus plus OH raised to the negative right arrow cap h sub 2 cap o power power
6

A salt is best described as a compound that is formed from the reaction between

A
a strong acid and a weak acid.
B
a strong base and a weak base.
C
an acid and a base.
D
an acid and water.
7

Which pair of substances would most likely result in the production of a gas when reacting with an acid?

A
metal and carbonate
B
litmus and methyl orange
C
base and salt
D
carbon dioxide and water
8

Which of these substances is an Arrhenius acid?

A
BF sub 3
B
Mg OH sub 2
C
HCN
D
NH sub 3
9

What is the definition of a Lewis base?

A
a substance that accepts electrons to form a covalent bond
B
a substance that when dissolved in water increases hydrogen ion concentration
C
a substance that donates electrons to form a covalent bond
D
a substance that donates a proton
11

A chemist lectures about this definition for acids and bases. The acid-base behavior is analyzed in terms of how electrons are transferred between compounds rather than in terms of how hydrogen ions are transferred. What is the chemist defining?

A
the classical concept of acids and bases
B
the Lewis concept of acids and bases
C
the Arrhenius concept of acids and bases
D
the Bronsted-Lowry concept of acids and bases
12

Which of these is the correctly balanced chemical equation for the reaction of Ca OH sub 2 and HNO sub 3 ?

A
Ca OH sub 2 plus 2 HNO sub 3 rightarrow 2 cap h sub 2 cap o plus 2 NO sub 3 raised to the negative power
B
Ca OH sub 2 plus 2 HNO sub 3 rightarrow 2 cap h sub 2 cap o plus Ca open paren NO sub 3 close paren sub 2
C
Ca OH sub 2 plus HNO sub 3 rightarrow Ca raised to the 2 plus power plus NO sub 3 raised to the negative power
D
Ca OH sub 2 plus 2 HNO sub 3 rightarrow cap h sub 2 cap o plus CaNO sub 3
13

The table lists some acids and bases. Strong acids Weak acids Weak bases Strong bases HBr CH sub 3 COOH NH sub 3 NaOH HNO sub 3 HCOOH NH sub 4 OH KOH cap h sub 2 SO sub 4 Ca OH sub 2 Which reaction yields a salt that has a pH is less than 7 ?

A
cap n cap h sub 3 plus cap h cap n cap o sub 3
B
cap c A cap o cap h 2 plus cap h sub 2 cap s cap o sub 4
C
cap k cap o cap h plus cap h cap b r
D
cap h cap c cap o cap o cap h plus cap k cap o cap h
14

Lewis acids and bases are most closely associated with which process?

A
electron transfer
B
the formation of a conjugate acid or base
C
proton transfer
D
the formation of aqueous ions
15

A strong acid, HA , is added to water. Which statement about the solution is true?

A
It contains little or no HA .
B
It contains a low amount of ions.
C
It contains mostly hydroxide ions.
D
It contains almost no hydronium ions.
16

What does it mean for a strong base to be in equilibrium?

A
There is a great deal of base and very few ions.
B
The position of equilibrium lies far to the right, with products being favored.
C
The position of equilibrium lies far to the left, with products being favored.
D
There is an equal amount of reactants and products.
17

An unknown substance turns blue litmus paper to red. Which additional test could be used to confirm the substance’s identity?

A
It should turn phenolphthalein from colorless to pink because it is a base.
B
It should turn methyl orange to red because it is an acid.
C
It should turn methyl orange to orange because it is an acid.
D
It should turn phenolphthalein from pink to colorless because it is a base.
18

Consider this reaction. Na raised to the plus plus cap c power sub 2 cap h sub 3 cap o sub 2 raised to the negative aq power plus cap h raised to the plus plus Cl raised to the negative right arrow cap n raised to the plus plus Cl raised to the negative plus HC power power sub 2 cap h sub 3 cap o sub 2 power power Which is the net ionic equation for the reaction?

A
Na raised to the plus plus cap c power sub 2 cap h sub 3 cap o sub 2 raised to the negative right arrow NaC sub 2 cap h sub 3 cap o sub 2 power
B
Na raised to the plus plus Cl raised to the negative right arrow NaCl power power
C
cap h raised to the plus plus Cl raised to the negative right arrow HCl power power
D
cap c sub 2 cap h sub 3 cap o sub 2 raised to the negative aq power plus cap h raised to the plus right arrow HC sub 2 cap h sub 3 cap o sub 2 power
20

Which of these correctly defines the pOH of a solution?

A
the log of the hydronium ion concentration
B
the negative log of the hydroxide ion concentration
C
the log of the hydroxide ion concentration
D
the negative log of the hydronium ion concentration

Did you find these answers helpful?