AnswersChemistryAtomic Structure and the Periodic Table

Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table — Test Answers

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Which of these statements best identifies the particle that is labeled with an cap x ?

A
It is either a proton or a neutron.
B
It is either a nucleus or a proton.
C
It is either an electron or a nucleus.
D
It is either a neutron or an electron.
2
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What is the atomic number of zirconium?

A
39
B
40
C
41
D
42
3

Which statement about Niels Bohr’s atomic model is true?

A
Orbits close to the nucleus have no energy.
B
Each orbit has a specific energy level.
C
Higher orbits have lower energies.
D
Electrons can exist in any energy level.
4

J.J. Thompson is credited with discovering the

A
neutron.
B
proton.
C
nucleus.
D
electron.
5

Which of Dalton's ideas about the atom did J.J. Thomson's experiment disprove?

A
It disproved that atoms are divisible.
B
It disproved that atoms contain protons.
C
It disproved that atoms contain electrons.
D
It disproved that atoms are indivisible.
6

Which element has the largest atomic radius?

A
cap p
B
cap n
C
Sb
D
As
7

Which of these symbols would be included in the noble gas notation for an element that had valence electrons in the 5 s subshell?

A
Xe
B
Ar
C
Rn
D
Kr
8

Who was the first to propose the existence of atoms?

A
Ernest Rutherford
B
Joseph Proust
C
John Dalton
D
Democritus
9

A single atom of an element has 11 protons, 11 electrons, and 12 neutrons. Which element is it?

A
Se
B
Mg
C
cap v
D
Na
10

Which pure substance can be classified as an element?

A
cap h sub 2 SO sub 4
B
NO sub 3
C
cap h sub 2
D
NaCl
11

The elements of which group are nonreactive?

A
alkali metals
B
alkaline earth metals
C
halogens
D
noble gases
12

What is the main difference between the Schrödinger model and the Bohr atomic model?

A
Bohr believed that the electrons circle the nucleus because positive particles attract negative particles, while Schrödinger believed that an electron was a wave.
B
Schrödinger believed that electrons could only exist in orbits, but Bohr stated that electrons could be found anywhere in the atom.
C
The Bohr model did not explain the emission and absorption spectrum, but the energy levels described by Schrödinger explained this property.
D
Bohr believed electron orbits were circular, but Schrödinger’s equations represent complex shapes describing the probable locations of electrons.
13

Which is a correct set of values of m for one of the subshells of n is equal to 2 ?

A
negative 1 , negative 2 , negative 3 , 0 , 1 , 2 , 3
B
negative 1 , 0 , 1
C
negative 1 , negative 2 , negative 3 , negative 4 , 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4
D
negative 1 , negative 2 , 0 , 1 , 2
14

Which substance is a mixture?

A
carbon dioxide
B
table salt
C
gasoline
D
aluminum
15

Which scientist is known for developing the planetary model of the atom?

A
Robert Millikan
B
Niels Bohr
C
Albert Einstein
D
Johannes Rydberg
16

Consider the incomplete equation. 2 to the 4th power He plus 2 to the 4th power He rightarrow ? If this equation was completed, which statement would it best support?

A
Nuclear fusion produces elements that are lighter than helium.
B
Nuclear fission produces elements that are heavier than helium.
C
Nuclear fission produces elements that are lighter than helium.
D
Nuclear fusion produces elements that are heavier than helium.
17

Which element is the most reactive?

A
oxygen
B
carbon
C
nickel
D
sodium
18

Which statement best describes how electrons fill orbitals in the periodic table?

A
Elements fill orbitals in order of increasing energy from top to bottom in each group.
B
Elements fill orbitals in order of increasing energy from bottom to top in each group.
C
Electrons fill orbitals in order of their increasing energy from left to right.
D
Electrons fill orbitals in order of their increasing energy from right to left.
19

To show the electron configuration for an atom, when would it be better to use an orbital notation than to use a written configuration with numbers, letters, and superscripts?

A
when the aim is to use less space
B
when the aim is to show orbital shapes in subshells
C
when the aim is to show electron distributions in shells
D
when the aim is to show electron spins
20

Which element has 32 protons in its nucleus?

A
phosphorus
B
sulfur
C
cobalt
D
germanium

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