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Analyzing Ideas, Structure, and Purpose in Machiavelli’s The Prince Answers

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What text evidence supports Machiavelli’s secondary purpose to inform readers about the tactics Sparta and Rome used to hold cities and their effectiveness? Select three options.

A
the list of cities conquered by Sparta and Rome
B
the description of how Sparta had held Greece
C
the explanation of why Rome dismantled Greek cities
D
the characterization of liberty as a “watchword” of rebellion
E
the example of Pisa rebelling against the Florentines
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Read this passage from chapter 5 of The Prince.But when cities or countries are accustomed to live under a prince, and his family is exterminated, they, being on the one hand accustomed to obey and on the other hand not having the old prince, cannot agree in making one from amongst themselves, and they do not know how to govern themselves. For this reason they are very slow to take up arms, and a prince can gain them to himself and secure them much more easily. But in republics there is more vitality, greater hatred, and more desire for vengeance, which will never permit them to allow the memory of their former liberty to rest; so that the safest way is to destroy them or to reside there.

A
to inform readers about the differences between principalities and republics
B
to entertain readers with exciting stories of historical wars, conquests, and rebellions
C
to convince readers that, to hold a conquered republic, a prince must ruin it or live there
D
to persuade readers that a prince must eradicate the royal family of a conquered principality
3

Read this paragraph from chapter 5 of The Prince.Whenever those states which have been acquired as stated have been accustomed to live under their own laws and in freedom, there are three courses for those who wish to hold them: the first is to ruin them, the next is to reside there in person, the third is to permit them to live under their own laws, drawing a tribute, and establishing within it an oligarchy which will keep it friendly to you. Because such a government, being created by the prince, knows that it cannot stand without his friendship and interest, and does its utmost to support him; and therefore he who would keep a city accustomed to freedom will hold it more easily by the means of its own citizens than in any other way.

A
A prince can hold a newly acquired state that is accustomed to freedom only by first ruining it, then moving there and establishing an oligarchy that is loyal to him.
B
There are three ways for a prince to hold a newly acquired state that is accustomed to freedom: ruin it, live there, or create an oligarchy that is loyal to him—and the third way is easiest.
C
A prince can hold a newly acquired state that is accustomed to freedom only by first ruining it, then moving there and winning the citizens’ loyalty by granting them freedom.
D
There are three ways for a prince to hold a newly acquired state that is accustomed to freedom: ruin it, live there, or create an oligarchy that is loyal to him, all of which are equally effective.
4

What text evidence supports Machiavelli’s primary purpose to persuade readers that a conquering prince must destroy a former republic if he hopes to hold it? Select three options.

A
the list of cities Rome and Sparta conquered
B
the portrayal of Greece as being held by Sparta
C
the explanation of how Rome held Capua, Carthage, and Numantia
D
the description of liberty as a rallying cry for rebellion in former republics
E
the example of the Florentines losing control over Pisa
5

Read this paragraph from chapter 5 of The Prince.But when cities or countries are accustomed to live under a prince, and his family is exterminated, they, being on the one hand accustomed to obey and on the other hand not having the old prince, cannot agree in making one from amongst themselves, and they do not know how to govern themselves. For this reason they are very slow to take up arms, and a prince can gain them to himself and secure them much more easily. But in republics there is more vitality, greater hatred, and more desire for vengeance, which will never permit them to allow the memory of their former liberty to rest; so that the safest way is to destroy them or to reside there.

A
Former republics are more difficult to rule than hereditary states, and they will rebel if they are not tightly controlled.
B
The strategies for controlling hereditary states and former republics are the same.
C
Hereditary states come with a history that must be deeply understood if a new prince is to control them easily.
D
Hereditary states never forget their former loyalties, so they are hard to control.
6

Which statements best describe a text with a problem-and-solution structure? Select two options.

A
It describes a chain of events.
B
It identifies an issue to be resolved.
C
It argues against opposing opinions.
D
It contains words such as answer, difficulty, and therefore.
E
It contains words such as similarly and on the other hand.
7

Read this passage from chapter 5 of The Prince.There are, for example, the Spartans and the Romans. The Spartans held Athens and Thebes, establishing there an oligarchy: nevertheless they lost them. The Romans, in order to hold Capua, Carthage, and Numantia, dismantled them, and did not lose them. They wished to hold Greece as the Spartans held it, making it free and permitting its laws, and did not succeed. So to hold it they were compelled to dismantle many cities in the country, for in truth there is no safe way to retain them otherwise than by ruining them. And he who becomes master of a city accustomed to freedom and does not destroy it, may expect to be destroyed by it, for in rebellion it has always the watchword of liberty and its ancient privileges as a rallying point, which neither time nor benefits will ever cause it to forget. And whatever you may do or provide against, they never forget that name or their privileges unless they are disunited or dispersed, but at every chance they immediately rally to them, as Pisa after the hundred years she had been held in bondage by the Florentines.

A
to inform readers about the history of Rome and Sparta and how they built their empires
B
to inform readers about the tactics Sparta and Rome used to hold cities and their effectiveness
C
to persuade readers that a conquering prince must destroy a former republic if he hopes to hold it
D
to persuade readers that a republic will remember freedom and someday rebel against a conqueror
8

Which statement best describes a text with a cause-and-effect structure?

A
It offers a solution to a problem.
B
It explains why something occurs.
C
It offers reasons to support a claim.
D
It uses words such as thus, in fact, and however.
9

What features of the passage identify it as using a cause-and-effect structure? Select three options.

A
The first sentence lists specific conditions followed by what might eventually happen.
B
The first sentence uses the expressions “on the one hand” and “on the other hand.”
C
The second sentence starts with the expression “for this reason.”
D
The second sentence lists potential consequences of the situation described.
E
The second sentence describes the citizens of the conquered city.
10

Read this paragraph from chapter 5 of The Prince.There are, for example, the Spartans and the Romans. The Spartans held Athens and Thebes, establishing there an oligarchy: nevertheless they lost them. The Romans, in order to hold Capua, Carthage, and Numantia, dismantled them, and did not lose them. They wished to hold Greece as the Spartans held it, making it free and permitting its laws, and did not succeed. So to hold it they were compelled to dismantle many cities in the country, for in truth there is no safe way to retain them otherwise than by ruining them. And he who becomes master of a city accustomed to freedom and does not destroy it, may expect to be destroyed by it, for in rebellion it has always the watchword of liberty and its ancient privileges as a rallying point, which neither time nor benefits will ever cause it to forget. And whatever you may do or provide against, they never forget that name or their privileges unless they are disunited or dispersed, but at every chance they immediately rally to them, as Pisa after the hundred years she had been held in bondage by the Florentines.

A
the desire for liberty
B
the establishment of an oligarchy
C
the dismantling of an acquired state
D
the tendency toward rebellion

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