Answers24 - 25 CR - Biology B 0411KBLab: Natural Selection-Standard Bio 4.2

Biological Evidence and the Fossil Record Answers

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Wisdom teeth are the third and final set of human molars that come in during the late teens or early twenties. In some cases, these teeth come in without problems, but they often have to be removed due to misalignment in the jaw, as shown below. Removal of the teeth does not cause any long-term complications in regard to eating.Which type of anatomic structure are wisdom teeth?

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A
vestigial
B
homologous
C
analogous
D
heterologous
2
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What is the value of a transitional fossil?

A
Transitional forms show the evolutionary steps between species.
B
Transitional forms are analogous fossils.
C
Transitional forms discredit the theory of evolution.
D
Transitional forms are proof of punctuated equilibrium in evolution.
3

What do scientists need to look at before developing an argument?

A
The validity of data, claims, hypotheses, and observations.
B
Their opinion and personal views.
C
The arguments of famous people on the topic.
D
The arguments that make the most sense for society.
4

Which of these statements best sums up evolution?

A
rapid change in species’ habits and features
B
rapid development of vestigial structures in a species
C
change in a population through new species being made
D
change in a population through genetic variation over time
5

What do gradualism and punctuated equilibrium have in common?

A
They are both explanations of the rate of evolutionary change.
B
They are both explanations that were put forth by Darwin.
C
They both discredit the theory of evolution.
D
They both utilize radioactive dating over relative dating.
6

Marsupials are found in North America and Australia, but they would not have been able to swim across the ocean. According to scientists, how did this group of organisms come to live on two separate continents?

A
Marsupials used to have adaptations that allowed them to swim but lost these adaptations over time.
B
The two groups of marsupials evolved independently of one another on two separate continents.
C
The continents were once connected, and marsupials were able to migrate over the land.
D
The oceans were shallow in prehistoric times, which allowed the marsupials to travel from one continent to another.
7

Dogs have a reduced nonfunctional digit on their paws known as a dewclaw. What is this an example of?

A
analogous structure
B
homologous structure
C
vestigial structure
D
mutated structure
8

What is the most likely reason that horses and mountain goats have hooves?

A
They have homologous structures because they have a common ancestor.
B
They have analogous structures because they have a common ancestor.
C
These are vestigial structures in both animals because they are not used.
D
These are similar structures due genetic mutations.
9

What do gradualism and punctuated equilibrium have in common?

A
They are both explanations of the rate of evolutionary change.
B
They are both explanations that were put forth by Darwin.
C
They both discredit the theory of evolution.
D
They both utilize radioactive dating over relative dating.
10

Siblings have similar traits because they inherit those traits from a common ancestor. How is this similar to some evidence for evolution?

A
Similarities can be seen between siblings in species today, which shows common ancestry.
B
Similarities can be seen among related organisms, which shows common ancestry.
C
There are many differences between siblings in species today, which shows common ancestry.
D
There are many differences between related organisms, which shows common ancestry.

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