Answers24 - 25 CR - Biology B 0411KBLab: Natural Selection-Standard Bio 4.2

Biological Evidence and the Fossil Record Answers

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1
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Dogs have a reduced nonfunctional digit on their paws known as a dewclaw. What is this an example of?

A
analogous structure
B
homologous structure
C
vestigial structure
D
mutated structure
2
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What do scientists need to look at before developing an argument?

A
The validity of data, claims, hypotheses, and observations.
B
Their opinion and personal views.
C
The arguments of famous people on the topic.
D
The arguments that make the most sense for society.
3

Studying the anatomy of different organisms allows scientists to determine how different species have evolved over time. Which type of anatomic structure are bird wings and butterfly wings when compared to each other?

Question illustration
A
vestigial
B
homologous
C
analogous
D
heterologous
4

What is the most likely reason that horses and mountain goats have hooves?

A
They have homologous structures because they have a common ancestor.
B
They have analogous structures because they have a common ancestor.
C
These are vestigial structures in both animals because they are not used.
D
These are similar structures due genetic mutations.
5

Which kind of evidence studies mineralized bone, footprints, or organisms trapped in amber to determine common ancestry?

A
fossils
B
analogous structures
C
homologous structures
D
molecular clock
6

Which structures are similar in function, but do not indicate that the organisms are related?

A
analogous structures
B
homologous structures
C
vestigial structures
D
transitional structures
7

Siblings have similar traits because they inherit those traits from a common ancestor. How is this similar to some evidence for evolution?

A
Similarities can be seen between siblings in species today, which shows common ancestry.
B
Similarities can be seen among related organisms, which shows common ancestry.
C
There are many differences between siblings in species today, which shows common ancestry.
D
There are many differences between related organisms, which shows common ancestry.
8

Wisdom teeth are the third and final set of human molars that come in during the late teens or early twenties. In some cases, these teeth come in without problems, but they often have to be removed due to misalignment in the jaw, as shown below. Removal of the teeth does not cause any long-term complications in regard to eating.Which type of anatomic structure are wisdom teeth?

Question illustration
A
vestigial
B
homologous
C
analogous
D
heterologous
9

Australopithecus is an ape that lived in trees, but could walk on two feet. How might fossils from Australopithecus provide evidence for evolution?

A
Australopithecus is a fossil that is used to date other Precambrian fossils.
B
Australopithecus provides evidence of the existence of apes, but not humans.
C
Australopithecus is a transitional form between apes and humans.
D
Australopithecus provides evidence that humans existed.
10

Marsupials are found in North America and Australia, but they would not have been able to swim across the ocean. According to scientists, how did this group of organisms come to live on two separate continents?

A
Marsupials used to have adaptations that allowed them to swim but lost these adaptations over time.
B
The two groups of marsupials evolved independently of one another on two separate continents.
C
The continents were once connected, and marsupials were able to migrate over the land.
D
The oceans were shallow in prehistoric times, which allowed the marsupials to travel from one continent to another.

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