AnswersBiologyCellular Structure and Function

Cellular Structure and Function — Test Answers

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4

Which is a function of the structure that is represented in the image?

A
builds proteins from amino acids
B
helps in determining plant cell shape
C
controls the movement of substances into and out of cells
D
provides support and protection
5

How would the contractile vacuole of a freshwater amoeba respond if the organism was placed in seawater?

A
with the same frequency of contractions
B
the contractions would suddenly cease
C
with fewer contractions
D
with more contractions
8

What would most likely happen to a unicellular organism if it was exposed to a hypotonic solution for an extended period of time?

A
It would swell but never burst.
B
It would swell and then burst.
C
It would not be affected.
D
It would shrivel and shrink.
9

The role of the cell membrane is most like the job of which person?

A
a firefighter who evacuates people from a burning building
B
a teacher who keeps students in the classroom during an exam
C
a bus driver who drives the express route from the suburb to downtown
D
a police officer who allows select people to enter and leave a crime scene
10

A scientist discovers a cell that has chloroplasts, cytoplasm, DNA, and a cell membrane. Which statement best describes how the cell could be classified?

A
The cell is eukaryotic because it has a cell membrane.
B
The cell is prokaryotic because it has DNA.
C
The cell is prokaryotic because it has cytoplasm.
D
The cell is eukaryotic because it has chloroplasts.
11

Which organelle makes the proteins that are needed by the cell?

A
Golgi apparatus
B
nucleus
C
ribosomes
D
cell membrane
13

Which best defines homeostasis?

A
controlling what enters and exits the cell
B
maintaining a stable internal environment
C
movement of materials into the cell
D
modifying the external environment
14

Which organelle breaks down sugar molecules that supply energy to the cell?

A
Golgi apparatus
B
mitochondrion
C
endoplasmic reticulum
D
nucleus
15

How is mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) typing used in forensic science?

A
A suspect’s nuclear DNA sample is matched to an unknown sample of mtDNA that was found at a crime scene.
B
A suspect’s mtDNA sample is matched to an unknown sample of nuclear DNA that was found at a crime scene.
C
A suspect’s nuclear DNA sample is matched to an unknown sample of nuclear DNA that was found at a crime scene.
D
A suspect’s mtDNA sample is matched to an unknown sample of mtDNA that was found at a crime scene.
16

The endosymbiotic theory provides an explanation for the origin of chloroplasts. Which trait of chloroplasts supports this explanation?

A
Chloroplasts have their own DNA.
B
Chloroplasts do not reproduce.
C
Chloroplasts are larger than prokaryotic cells.
D
Chloroplasts rely on proteins that are made by the cell.
18

Which discovery supported the endosymbiotic theory?

A
DNA in the cytoplasm
B
DNA in ribosomes
C
DNA in mitochondria
D
DNA in the cell nucleus
20

Which organelles are labeled G?

A
mitochondria
B
centrioles
C
ribosomes
D
lysosomes
21

Which organelle is labeled A?

A
Golgi apparatus
B
lysosome
C
ribosome
D
mitochondrion

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