Answers26-27 - C - RUSD Biology in the Living EarthChanges in the Earth's Surface

Changes in the Earth's Surface — Test Answers

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1
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Which feature in the model forms at the surface as a result of underground cave development?

A
sinkhole
B
alluvial fan
C
valley
D
moraine
2
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If the student modified the model to include less carbon dioxide in the water, what would most likely happen?

A
The cracks would widen faster due to more erosion.
B
Cave formation would happen more slowly.
C
The rate of limestone dissolution would increase.
D
Sinkholes would appear earlier in the process.
4

Choose the correct answer from each drop-down menu to complete the statement.

Answer:

dissolves|destabilize|a sinkhole

5

Match each weathering agent condition to the correct description of its effect on weathering rate.

Answer:

causes frost wedging|slows most weathering processes|speeds up chemical weathering|releases acids that speed up weathering

6

A limestone cave system is discovered beneath a region with heavy rainfall and slightly acidic groundwater. Which property of water most directly contributes to the development of the cave?

A
Water freezes and expands inside rocks.
B
Water’s polarity allows it to dissolve carbonate minerals.
C
Adhesion causes water to evaporate from cracks.
D
Surface tension prevents water from flowing underground.
7

Why is capillary action important for transporting water in ecosystems, especially in dry environments?

A
It causes water movement to slow down after rainfall occurs.
B
It reduces surface evaporation by holding water close to the soil.
C
It allows water to move upward from deeper soil layers to plant roots.
D
It helps minerals travel upward by evaporating with the water.
8

Which best explains why chemical weathering can increase the chances of bedrock collapse?

A
It breaks down the minerals in rock, weakening the overall structure.
B
It adds new minerals to bedrock, making it more reactive with water.
C
It causes rocks to become denser and more compact over time.
D
It creates pressure in cracks that physically splits the rock apart.
9

Which factor is present in every form of mass movement?

A
slope angle that is higher than the angle of repose
B
deforestation and soil erosion
C
water saturation of materials
D
ground shaking that causes instability
10

Choose the correct answer from each drop-down menu to complete the statement.

Answer:

hydrogen bonds|solvent

11

What effect does root wedging have on rock?

A
It changes the rock’s chemical formula.
B
It changes the color of the rock’s surface.
C
It removes minerals from inside the rock.
D
It breaks the rock apart through physical force.
14

Which sample most likely represents soil that was transported rather than formed in place from the local bedrock?

A
Sample A
B
Sample D
C
Sample C
D
Sample B
15

Which soil sample most likely formed in place from the weathering of granite?

A
Sample D
B
Sample C
C
Sample A
D
Sample B
16

Why does the oxygen atom in water molecules face the Na raised to the plus power ion?

A
Water forms covalent bonds with ions.
B
Oxygen has a partial negative charge that is attracted to Na raised to the plus power .
C
Oxygen is heavier than hydrogen.
D
The hydrogen atoms in water are repelled by the Na raised to the plus power ions.
17

Choose the correct answer from each drop-down menu to complete the statement.

Answer:

polar|stay suspended

18

Match each process with its effect on the landscape.

Answer:

pulls rocks from bedrock|smooths riverbeds|small channels form|creates cracks in rock

19

Choose the correct answer from each drop-down menu to complete the statements.

Answer:

frost wedging|mechanical

21

Several hours after a rainstorm, a student observed standing water on flat land. Which layer most likely contributes to this observation?

A
silty clay
B
loam
C
silt loam
D
sandy loam
22

Choose the correct answer from each drop-down menu to complete the statements.

Answer:

Sample B|lowest|small and tightly packed

23

Which landform in the observation is most likely a cirque?

A
the shallow depression filled with standing water
B
the gravel hill on the meltwater plain
C
the ridge of unsorted rock on the valley floor
D
the steep, bowl-shaped hollow near the valley head
24

Construction has removed the top 25 cm of soil from a site. What impact will this have on plant growth?

A
Plants will thrive, as they now have direct access to clay-rich soil.
B
There will be minimal impact, since the B horizon provides all the needed nutrients.
C
Root growth will increase because the B horizon has been exposed.
D
Plant growth may be reduced due to the loss of the nutrient-rich A horizon.

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