Answers26-27 - C - RUSD Biology in the Living EarthPhotosynthesis and Respiration

Photosynthesis and Respiration — Test Answers

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1
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What can you conclude from the graph?

A
The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires more energy to start, and occurs more rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn.
B
The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires less energy to start, and occurs more rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn.
C
The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires less energy to start, and occurs less rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn.
D
The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires more energy to start, and occurs less rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn.
2
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What is the best conclusion based on this data?

A
Blood is a primary location for energy storage.
B
A gram of glycogen has twice as much energy as a gram of fat.
C
The human body stores approximately 1,000 kcal of glucose.
D
Fat molecules contain more energy-containing bonds than simple sugars.
3

What is a difference between starch and glycogen?

A
Starch is composed of fructose, and glycogen is composed of glucose.
B
Starch is a monomer, and glycogen is a polymer.
C
Starch stores energy, and glycogen provides structural support.
D
Starch is found in plants, and glycogen is found in animals.
4

If the number of photosynthetic organisms on Earth decreased drastically, which would happen as a result?

A
More carbon dioxide gas would be found in Earth’s atmosphere.
B
Less water would be available on Earth’s surface.
C
More oxygen gas would be found in Earth’s atmosphere.
D
Less solar energy would reach Earth’s atmosphere.
5

If a runner is doing vigorous exercise, which results from the anaerobic cellular process?

A
accumulation of lactic acid
B
depletion of ethanol
C
accumulation of oxygen
D
depletion of carbon dioxide
6

Which speeds up the reaction between carbon dioxide and RuBP to restart the Calvin Cycle?

A
light energy
B
rubisco
C
3-phosphoglycerate
D
glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
7

Which will increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

A
decreasing the temperature
B
removing a catalyst
C
adding a catalyst
D
decreasing the pressure
8

What would most likely happen to a person who is not getting enough essential amino acids in his or her diet?

A
The formation of proteins would increase.
B
The body would synthesize the amino acids.
C
Stored protein would break down.
D
Muscle growth and repair would be limited.
9

Which type of molecule that can be found in living things lacks carbon atoms?

A
carbohydrate
B
water
C
protein
D
fat
10

Which specific process in the light-dependent reactions produces oxygen and hydrogen ions?

A
the splitting of water
B
the excitation of electrons in photosytem I
C
the formation of NADPH
D
the production of ATP
11

At which point is G3P removed from the Calvin cycle to be used in the production of carbohydrates?

A
immediately after regeneration
B
immediately after reduction
C
during carbon fixation
D
during photophosphorylation
12

What would most likely happen if a person increased the amount of saturated fat in his or her diet?

A
The person's risk of cardiovascular disease would increase.
B
The person’s good cholesterol would increase.
C
The person's bad cholesterol would decrease.
D
The person's risk of cardiovascular disease would decrease.
13

Which process connects glycolysis and the citric acid cycle?

A
electron transport
B
Krebs cycle
C
lactic acid formation
D
acetyl CoA formation
14

Which statement correctly compares and contrasts the three stages of cellular respiration that occur in the presence of oxygen?

A
Each stage produces ATP, but only the third stage occurs in the mitochondria.
B
Each stage occurs in the mitochondria, but only the final stage produces ATP.
C
Each stage occurs in the cytoplasm, but only the final stage produces ATP.
D
Each stage produces ATP, but only the first stage occurs in the cytoplasm.
15

During photosynthesis, the energy from sunlight is used to split water molecules. What happens to the hydrogen ions that are split from the water molecules?

A
They flow out of the thylakoid, providing energy to add a phosphate group to ADP.
B
They flow out of the thylakoid, where they stimulate enzymes to break apart ATP.
C
They build up in the thylakoid, where they bond to each other to create ATP.
D
They build up in the thylakoid, providing energy to break apart ATP molecules.
16

Which statement correctly compares the body’s energy storage molecules?

A
Lipids are the body’s main source of energy, but glycogen contains most of the body’s stored energy.
B
Glycogen is the body’s main source of energy, but lipids contain most of the body’s stored energy.
C
Glycogen is the body’s main source of energy, but proteins contain most of the body’s stored energy.
D
Proteins are the body’s main source of energy, but lipids contain most of the body’s stored energy.
17

Which events take place in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

A
Light energy is captured by plants; light energy is used to make sugar.
B
Light energy is converted to chemical energy; chemical energy is used to make sugar.
C
Light energy is captured by plants; light energy is converted to chemical energy.
D
Light energy is converted to sugars; sugars are broken down for energy.
18

The chemical reaction equation of photosynthesis is shown here: 6 CO sub 2 plus 6 cap h sub 2 cap o rightarrow cap c sub 6 cap h sub 12 cap o sub 6 plus 6 cap o sub 2 What information is not given in this equation.

A
It does not show if the reaction is reversible.
B
It does not show the number of molecules required to produce glucose.
C
It does not show the reactants needed for the reaction.
D
It does not show that photosynthesis consists of many separate steps.
19

What is the general term for any carbohydrate monomer?

A
fructose
B
monosaccharide
C
glucose
D
polysaccharide
20

Which is released during the formation of a peptide bond?

A
a water molecule
B
an amino group
C
an amino acid
D
a five-carbon sugar

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