AnswersChemistryChemical Bonding and Reactions

Chemical Bonding and Reactions — Test Answers

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Which products are formed when aluminum is added to a silver chloride solution? Use the activity series if needed. Al is greater than Mn comma Mn is greater than Zn comma Zn is greater than Cr comma Cr is greater than Fe comma Fe is greater than Cd comma Cd is greater than Co comma Co is greater than Ni comma Ni is greater than Sn comma Sn is greater than Pb comma Pb is greater than cap h comma cap h is greater than Sb comma Sb is greater than Bi comma Bi is greater than Cu comma Cu is greater than Ag comma Ag is greater than Pd comma Pd is greater than Hg comma Hg is greater than Pt

A
only AlCl sub 3
B
none
C
AlAg sub 3 and Cl sub 2
D
AlCl sub 3 and Ag
2
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Which type of reaction is represented by the generic equation AB+CD→AD+CB ?

A
decomposition
B
combustion
C
single replacement
D
double replacement
3

An element has six valence electrons available for bonding. Which group of the periodic table does this element most likely belong to?

A
group 4
B
group 2
C
group 16
D
group 18
4

The equation shows lead reacting with sulfuric acid to produce lead sulfate and hydrogen gas. Pb times s plus cap h sub 2 SO sub 4 aq rightarrow PbSO sub 4 times s plus cap h sub 2 of g Which type of chemical reaction does this equation represent?

A
double replacement
B
synthesis
C
decomposition
D
single replacement
5

Which characteristic best identifies a decomposition reaction?

A
an element and a compound as products
B
a single compound as a reactant
C
a single compound as a product
D
an element and a compound as reactants
6

Which of the compounds would be expected to have the strongest ionic bonds?

A
the compound that has the largest ions with the greatest charge
B
the compound that has the smallest ions with the greatest charge
C
the compound that has the largest ions with the least charge
D
the compound that has the smallest ions with the least charge
7

Based on its location in the periodic table, what can most likely be predicted about phosphorus?

A
It has five valence electrons.
B
It has four valence electrons.
C
It has six valence electrons.
D
It has three valence electrons.
8

When two substances are mixed together, a color change is observed. Does this mean that a chemical reaction has definitely occurred?

A
Yes because any change indicates a chemical reaction.
B
Yes because color changes occur only when new compounds are formed.
C
No because some physical changes produce color changes.
D
No because color changes are not indicators of chemical reactions.
9

Lewis structures cannot

A
show the number of valence electrons.
B
show the strength of bonds.
C
show the location of bonds.
D
show how many bonds are present in a molecule.
10

Which statement describes a chemical reaction?

A
Reactants form products when atoms change state.
B
Products form reactants when atoms are rearranged.
C
Products form reactants when atoms change state.
D
Reactants form products when atoms are rearranged.
11

Which reaction will most likely take place based on the activity series? Li is greater than cap k comma cap k is greater than Ba comma Ba is greater than Ca comma Ca is greater than Na comma Na is greater than Mn comma Mn is greater than Zn comma Zn is greater than Cr comma Cr is greater than Fe comma Fe is greater than Cd comma Cd is greater than Ni comma Ni is greater than cap h comma cap h is greater than Sb comma Sb is greater than Cu comma Cu is greater than Ag comma Ag is greater than Pd comma Pd is greater than Hg comma Hg is greater than Pt

A
Li plus ZnCO sub 3 rightarrow
B
Mn plus CaO rightarrow
C
Pt plus FeCl sub 3 rightarrow
D
Cu plus 2 KNO sub 3
12

Which is the Lewis structure for cap h sub 3 PO sub 4 ?

A
Image with description A chemical structure diagram shows a central phosphorus (P) atom. Above the P atom, a double bond connects to an oxygen (O) atom. This oxygen atom has two dots above it, two dots to its left and two dots to its right. To the left of the P atom, a single bond connects to an oxygen (O) atom. This oxygen atom has two dots above it and two dots below it. To the left of this oxygen atom, a single bond connects to a hydrogen (H) atom. To the right of the P atom, a single bond connects to an oxygen (O) atom. This oxygen atom has two dots above it and two dots below it. To the right of this oxygen atom, a single bond connects to a hydrogen (H) atom.
B
Image with description A chemical structure diagram shows a central phosphorus (P) atom. Above the P atom, a single bond connects to a hydrogen (H) atom. To the left of the P atom, a single bond connects to an oxygen (O) atom. This oxygen atom has two dots above it and two dots below it, and is single-bonded to a hydrogen (H) atom to its left. To the right of the P atom, a single bond connects to an oxygen (O) atom. This oxygen atom has two dots above it and two dots below it, and is single-bonded to a hydrogen (H) atom to its right. Below the P atom, a single bond connects to an oxygen (O) atom. This oxygen atom has two dots to its left, two dots to its right and two dots below it.
C
Image with description A chemical structure diagram shows a central phosphorus (P) atom. Above the P atom, a single bond connects to an oxygen (O) atom. This oxygen atom has two dots above it, and is single-bonded to a hydrogen (H) atom to its left and another hydrogen (H) atom to its right. To the left of the P atom, a single bond connects to an oxygen (O) atom. This oxygen atom has two dots above it and two dots below it. To the right of the P atom, a single bond connects to an oxygen (O) atom. This oxygen atom has two dots above it and two dots below it. Below the P atom, a single bond connects to an oxygen (O) atom. This oxygen atom has two dots to its left and two dots to its right, and is single-bonded to a hydrogen (H) atom below it.
D
Image with description A chemical structure diagram shows a central phosphorus (P) atom. Above the P atom, a single bond connects to an oxygen (O) atom. This oxygen atom has two dots above it, and is single-bonded to a hydrogen (H) atom to its left and another hydrogen (H) atom to its right. To the left of the P atom, a single bond connects to an oxygen (O) atom. This oxygen atom has two dots above it and two dots below it. To the right of the P atom, a single bond connects to an oxygen (O) atom. This oxygen atom has two dots above it and two dots below it. Below the P atom, a single bond connects to an oxygen (O) atom. This oxygen atom has two dots to its left and two dots to its right, and is single-bonded to a hydrogen (H) atom below it.
13

Which statement is true about ionic compounds?

A
Ionic compounds have very low melting points.
B
Ionic compounds are very easy to bend.
C
Solid ionic compounds are good conductors of electricity.
D
Ionic compounds have varying solubilities in water.
14

The incomplete table shows selected characteristics of different types of bonds. Row Bond Cause Physical property of compound 1 ? Electron sharing among many atoms Ductile 2 ? Electron sharing between two atoms Brittle 3 ? ? Brittle What type of bond is most likely being represented in row 1?

A
ion-dipole
B
ionic
C
covalent
D
metallic
15

Which characteristic best explains the difference in melting behavior of covalent substances and ionic substances?

A
Ionic substances usually have stronger atomic bonds.
B
Covalent substances have weaker intermolecular attractions.
C
Ionic substances have weaker intermolecular attractions.
D
Covalent substances usually have stronger atomic bonds.
16

Which of these scenarios is most likely a chemical reaction?

A
A gas turns into a liquid as it releases energy.
B
Two white solids are added to a colorless liquid, and a colorless liquid remains.
C
A liquid becomes a gas as it absorbs energy.
D
Two colorless liquids are added together, and a colorless liquid and a green solid remain.
17

The incomplete table shows selected properties of compounds that have ionic, covalent, or metallic bonds. Row Substance Type of bond Likely property 1 KCl ? Brittle 2 ? Covalent Does not conduct electricity 3 ? ? Malleable Which substance would be most suitable for row 3?

A
sodium chloride NaCl
B
propane open paren cap c sub 3 cap h sub 8 close paren
C
nitrogen open paren cap n sub 2 close paren
D
silver Ag
18

Which compound has the highest melting point?

A
Al sub 2 open paren CO sub 3 close paren sub 3
B
cap h sub 2 cap o
C
cap c sub 8 cap h sub 18
D
cap c sub 12 cap h sub 22 cap o sub 11
19

Which is the most important question for deciding if a chemical reaction has occurred?

A
What is the density of the substance?
B
Was there a change in the size?
C
What is the texture of the substance?
D
Was any heat energy given off?
20

How do ionic bonds affect the properties of ionic compounds?

A
The bonds strongly hold ions together, reducing the boiling point.
B
The bonds weakly hold ions together, increasing the melting point.
C
The bonds prevent electrons from moving throughout the crystal, so a solid ionic compound is a good conductor.
D
The bonds prevent ions from moving throughout the crystal, so a solid ionic compound is a poor conductor.

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