AnswersChemistryStates and Changes of Matter

States and Changes of Matter — Test Answers

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1
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Which diagram represents the phase that occurs after a solid melts?

A
diagram 1
B
diagram 2
C
diagram 3
D
diagram 4
2
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Which arrow represents the transition in which dew is formed?

A
1
B
2
C
4
D
6
3

Which arrow would most likely represent the phase change that occurs when silver is poured into a mold and cools to become a solid bar?

A
1
B
3
C
4
D
5
4

A substance is tested in a lab. It is found to maintain a unique shape and is a good conductor of electricity. If it is made up of electrons, protons, and neutrons, what state of matter is this substance most likely to be?

A
solid
B
gas
C
plasma
D
liquid
5

Which statement describes an intensive property of matter?

A
It is the same for every sample of every substance.
B
It depends on the amount of substance present.
C
It is the same for every sample of a single substance.
D
It depends on how a substance was formed.
6

Which statement best explains why heating a liquid affects its viscosity?

A
The molecules move faster at higher temperatures and overcome attractions more easily.
B
The molecules move slower at higher temperatures and overcome attractions more easily.
C
The molecules move slower at higher temperatures, and the attractions between them decrease.
D
The molecules move faster at higher temperatures, and the attractions between them increase.
7

According to the kinetic-molecular theory, the average kinetic energy of gas particles depends on which factor?

A
pressure
B
temperature
C
number of particles
D
volume
8

Which process is a chemical change?

A
breaking glass
B
melting ice
C
boiling water
D
burning a match
9

Malia was able to make a paperclip float on the surface of water. What will most likely happen to the paperclip if a drop of dishwashing detergent is added near it?

A
Soap is a surfactant that increases the intermolecular forces of water allowing the paperclip to continue to float.
B
Soap makes the water more viscous allowing the paperclip to continue to float.
C
Soap is a surfactant that disrupts the intermolecular forces of water making the paperclip sink.
D
Soap makes the water less viscous making the paperclip sink.
10

Which change of state involves a release of energy?

A
boiling
B
sublimation
C
condensation
D
melting
11

Which is the best example of immiscible liquids?

A
a polar liquid and a nonpolar liquid that have low surface tensions
B
two polar liquids that have high surface tensions
C
two nonpolar liquids that can dissolve into one another
D
a polar liquid and a nonpolar liquid that do not dissolve into one another
12

A perfume bottle is dropped in the corner of a room and it shattered. The odor of the perfume can be detected on the other side of the room. Which statement best describes this observation?

A
Particles are moving from regions of high concentration to low concentration.
B
Particles are moving from regions of low concentration to high concentration.
C
Particles are moving through a small opening into a smaller volume .
D
Particles are moving through a small opening into a larger volume .
13

Which procedure could a student use to examine an intensive property of a rectangular block of wood?

A
Determine the density.
B
Record the length.
C
Find the mass.
D
Measure the volume.
14

Which is an example of a plasma that occurs in nature?

A
a melting candle
B
the radiant sun
C
an electric current
D
a burning tree
15

Which device involves the use of plasma in technology?

A
a car radio
B
diesel engine
C
battery-operated flashlight
D
arc welder
16

Bromine gas in a container is heated over a flame. What happens to the average kinetic energy of the bromine particles?

A
It remains the same.
B
It decreases rapidly.
C
It decreases slowly.
D
It increases quickly.
17

Water’s molar mass is 18 point 0 1 g over mol The molar mass of glycerol is 92 point 0 9 g over mol At 25 times degree C , glycerol is more viscous than water. Which substance has the stronger intermolecular attraction?

A
water because it has a lower molar mass
B
glycerol because it has a larger molar mass
C
water because it is less viscous and has a lower molar mass
D
glycerol because it is more viscous and has a larger molar mass
18

The particles of a gas inside a balloon are experiencing an increase in their average kinetic energy and the number of collisions with the wall of the balloon. What is the most likely outcome?

A
a decrease in gas temperature inside the balloon
B
higher gas pressure inside the balloon
C
higher air pressure outside the balloon
D
a large increase in air temperature outside the balloon
19

Which is an aspect of the kinetic-molecular theory and can be used to explain the behavior of plasmas?

A
Particle kinetic energy is independent of temperature.
B
Particles vibrate quickly in stationary positions.
C
Particles exchange energy through elastic collisions.
D
Particle spacing can allow a very high density.
20

Which best identifies where long-range order would be found?

A
in amorphous solids
B
in nonthermal plasmas
C
in crystalline solids
D
in thermal plasmas

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