Cumulative Exam — Cumulative exam Answers

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1
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At which point is crust neither created nor destroyed?

A
island chain
B
mid-ocean ridge
C
divergent boundary
D
transform boundary
3

How are S waves and surface waves similar?

A
Both arrive after P waves.
B
Both compress the ground.
C
Both travel through liquids.
D
Both produce minimal ground motion.
4

The image shows an up-close view of a rock.

Question illustration
A
jagged grains
B
coarse grains
C
rounded grains
D
non-banded grains
5

Which force keeps the planets from floating off into space?

A
Earth’s gravity
B
the Sun’s gravity
C
the moon’s gravity
D
Milky Way’s gravity
6

Which measurement do geologists use to find the absolute age of once-living things?

A
amount of decayed daughter elements
B
total number of half-lives for the element potassium
C
age of ancient rocks located near the remains
D
amount of carbon-14 and nitrogen-14 in the remains
7

Which list correctly names the three types of galaxies?

A
binary, open, globular
B
elliptical, open, binary
C
irregular, spiral, elliptical
D
open, irregular, spiral
8

This is a map that shows hot spots around the world.

Question illustration
A
formed due to subduction
B
formed in the middle of a plate
C
formed at a divergent boundary
D
formed at a convergent boundary
9

Which rock is an example of an organic sedimentary rock?

A
iron ore
B
rock salt
C
limestone
D
sandstone
10

In which era did mammals emerge?

A
Cenozoic
B
Mesozoic
C
Paleozoic
D
Precambrian
11

Which discovery did scientists make at mid-ocean ridges that caused them to conclude that new rock was being formed by molten material?

A
magnetic banding
B
pillow-shaped rocks
C
older rocks farther from the ridge
D
rocks with similar characteristics
12

Which occurs just before a volcanic eruption?

A
Lava flows onto the sides of the volcano.
B
The expanding gases push magma through the pipe.
C
A pocket of magma forms beneath the volcano.
D
New rocks are formed as lava hardens.
15

Which describes a feature of extrusive igneous rocks after formation?

A
are coarse
B
have a fine texture
C
have large crystals
D
are found in magma chambers
16

What do scientists know about the future of the universe?

A
what dark matter is made of
B
why the expansion of the universe is accelerating
C
that stars will eventually burn out causing the universe to become cold and dark
D
that galaxies spin much slower than they should based on visible matter
17

Look at this image of a star cluster.

Question illustration
A
open
B
binary
C
globular
D
eclipsing
18

Which is a difference between the Paleozoic and Mesozoic era?

A
Animals lived in the water during the Mesozoic and on land in the Paleozoic.
B
The first birds emerged in the Paleozoic era while mammals first emerged in the Mesozoic.
C
Many different species of dinosaurs lived in the Mesozoic, but they all died off in the Paleozoic.
D
Animal complexity increased during the Paleozoic while the first flowering plants appeared in the Mesozoic era.
19

Which statement accurately describes short-term environmental changes?

A
Short-term environmental changes cause changes in genetic makeup.
B
Short-term environmental changes do not happen suddenly with little warning.
C
Short-term environmental changes do not affect organisms within an ecosystem.
D
Short-term environmental changes immediately affect organisms in the environment.
20

Look at the image of the moon.

Question illustration
A
full moon
B
third quarter
C
waxing gibbous
D
waning crescent

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