AnswersGA-GSE Earth Systems Spring 2026Cumulative Exam

Cumulative Exam — Cumulative exam Answers

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How long ago do scientists believe the continents formed Pangaea?

a
about 135 million years ago
a
about 180 million years ago
a
about 300 million years ago
a
about 4.5 billion years ago
2
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What force acts between Earth and the moon?

g
gravity
m
mass
m
motion
n
newtons
3

Why are there two high tides a day about 12 hours apart from each other?

E
Earth revolves around the Sun once during that time.
E
Earth rotates entirely on its axis once during that time.
T
The moon revolves around Earth once during that time.
T
The moon’s orbit is in line with Earth’s orbit twice a day.
4

Which statement describes divergent boundaries?

D
Divergent boundaries are found only on land.
S
Subduction occurs at divergent boundaries.
P
Plates move toward each other at divergent boundaries.
M
Magma flows from cracks in the crust at divergent boundaries.
5

Which continents contain folded mountains that match up to form one continuous mountain chain, serving as evidence that they once belonged to one landmass called Pangaea?

A
Antarctica and Africa
A
Africa and North America
S
South America and Africa
E
Eurasia and South America
6

Which type of star will become a black hole when it dies?

a
a protostar
a
a supergiant
a
a white dwarf
a
a red dwarf
7

Which statement accurately describes a half-life?

A
A rock’s size is determined by half-life.
A
All stable and unstable elements have a half-life.
A
An atom of an element becomes half its original size in a half-life.
A
A half-life is the time required for half of a radioactive element to decay.
8

Which word identifies the agent that carries the energy released from earthquakes?

e
epicenter
f
focus
l
lithosphere
w
waves
9

Which type of volcanic mountain has wide, gentle slopes?

r
rift
s
shield
c
composite
c
cinder cone
10

What is the Milky Way?

a
a spiral galaxy in which Earth is located
a
an elliptical galaxy in which Earth is located
a
an irregular galaxy in which Earth is located
t
the closest galaxy to the one in which Earth is located
11

Which statement is an example of an observation a scientist would make to classify a rock?

A
A rock is larger than other rocks.
B
A rock was found in a stream.
C
A rock is formed from molten lava.
D
A rock cracks in half after a rainstorm.
12

Which important event in Earth’s history occurred during the Jurassic period?

T
The first birds emerged on Earth.
M
Mammals were in search of food.
A
Animals with shells emerged on Earth
T
Treelike ferns first began to grow and populate.
13

Which example is a short-term environmental change?

i
ice age
t
tsunami
g
global warming
l
large asteroid impact
14

What was discovered in 1965 and is believed to be leftover thermal energy from the big bang?

r
red shift
t
the Eagle Nebula
t
the Doppler effect
b
background radiation
15

Observable matter makes up about what percentage of the universe?

5
5%
1
10%
5
50%
9
95%
16

The image shows sedimentary rock layers.

Question illustration
A
1
B
2
C
3
D
4
17

What is the correct order of star colors from hottest to coolest?

w
white, yellow, red, blue
y
yellow, orange, white, red
r
red, orange, yellow, blue-white
b
blue, white, yellow-white, orange
18

Which features form along all types of plate boundaries?

f
faults
r
rift valleys
m
mountains
o
ocean ridges
19

Which phrase describes one main feature of the atmosphere?

p
protects Earth’s surface
i
includes organisms in the air, on land, and in water
c
consists of rocks, minerals, landforms, and Earth’s interior
c
comprises oceans, lakes, rivers, streams, and groundwater
20

What is magma?

s
solid rock with a fine texture
c
cooled rock with large crystals
m
molten rock below Earth’s surface
f
flowing rock above Earth’s surface

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