Cumulative Exam — Cumulative exam Answers

Refer to the graph.Which of the following best explains the significance of the data in developing public policy?

Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of the Voting Rights Act of 1965?

Refer to the chart. Retrospective VotingParty-Line VotingA.A liberal Democrat voting for the Democratic challenger over a conservative Republican incumbentA conservative Republican voting against a Republican challenger who has spoken out in favor of gay marriageB.A lifelong Democrat voting for a Republican incumbent who presided over a healthy economyA Republican voter choosing Republican candidates for all races on a ballot due to the party’s support for lower taxesC.A Republican voting against a Republican incumbent who approved sizeable increases in the federal budget deficitA pro-life Democrat voting for a pro-life Republican over a Democratic candidate who supports federal funding for Planned ParenthoodD.An evangelical Christian voting for a Republican who promises to appoint federal judges committed to overturning Roe v. WadeA liberal Democrat voting for a Democratic incumbent who promises to expand a government healthcare program

Refer to the chart. ContinuityChangeA.Parties play an important role in mobilizing voters to the polls.The power of party leaders to select party nominees has been reduced.B.Parties fulfill the role assigned to them in the Constitution.The demographic coalitions supporting the two major parties have shifted over time.C.Parties control the flow of money in political campaigns.Most voters no longer consider party labels when casting their ballots in general elections.D.Parties provide many voters with cues on how to interpret political issues.The federal courts have stopped parties from manipulating electoral rules to their advantage.

Which of the following best describes how lobbyists primarily influence public policy?

A congressional candidate has a pro-gun record and has called for open-carry laws. This candidate is running for reelection, and faces a competitive campaign against a candidate who is calling for an assault-rifle ban. The National Rifle Association (NRA) heavily favors the incumbent.

A president had a difficult first term dominated by a major economic recession, followed by a swift recovery and a costly but successful foreign war. He was unable to pursue his domestic-reform goals. The president now seeks reelection so he can pursue his domestic agenda during a second term.

A president has historically low national approval ratings after news of a personal scandal breaks at the end of the president’s first year in office. Meanwhile, a member of the House of Representatives from the opposition party has a high approval rating from constituents after securing a major military contract for an aircraft manufacturer based in the representative’s district.

Refer to the chart. AdvantageDisadvantageA.Lead to earmarks in federal legislationGenerate pressure on government officialsB.Rate legislators to generate public support for or opposition against themSupply legislators and bureaucrats with informationC.Reflect opinions of economic elitesOffer private-industry jobs to federal officials upon completion of public serviceD.Pursue the public good for businesses, governments, foundations, and universitiesRepresent mainly business groups and trade associations

What is the purpose of priming?