AnswersAZ-Earth and Space Science A SC301Cumulative Exam

Cumulative Exam — Cumulative exam Answers

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1
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In addition to Earth, which planet has evidence of water on the surface?

A
Mars
B
Mercury
C
Neptune
D
Saturn
2
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The diagram shows the layers of the Sun.

Question illustration
A
Z: Gamma raysX: Visible light
B
X: Gamma raysZ: Visible light
C
Z: Gamma raysY: Visible light
D
Y: Gamma raysZ: Visible light
3

Which statement explains what similar fossils found on distant continents suggest about Earth’s history?

A
Animals have evolved over time.
B
The continents have moved over time.
C
Earth’s oceans had varying salt content through time.
D
There have been many animals on Earth that are now extinct.
4

Which explanation provides support for continental drift theory?

A
Dinosaurs lived on many continents.
B
Coal fields match up across continents.
C
Tropical plant fossils were found in warm areas.
D
Mountains formed where Earth cooled and shrank.
5

In addition to having a blue color, what other characteristic do Neptune and Uranus share?

A
no rings
B
27 moons
C
no axis tilt
D
cold temperatures
6

By which mechanism does older oceanic rock move at a ridge?

A
Magnetic forces move the rock.
B
Continents drift and move the rock.
C
The ridge subducts and moves the rock.
D
New molten material rises and moves the rock.
7

Which example best illustrates a method to show differences among Earth’s layers?

A
Carson models how the continental crust varies in thickness.
B
Marisol records atmospheric and oceanic temperatures at several beaches.
C
Eliza analyzes seismic wave activity from an earthquake using a computer model.
D
Oscar determines the pressure at different depths of Earth’s crust.
8

Chris drew a diagram to compare the ways in which different organisms obtain nitrogen.

Question illustration
A
breathe in from atmosphere
B
produce themselves
C
eat other organisms
D
absorb from soil
9

Which discovery did scientists make at mid-ocean ridges that caused them to conclude that new rock was being formed by molten material?

A
magnetic banding
B
pillow-shaped rocks
C
older rocks farther from the ridge
D
rocks with similar characteristics
10

Which is a difference between the Paleozoic and Mesozoic era?

A
Animals lived in the water during the Mesozoic and on land in the Paleozoic.
B
The first birds emerged in the Paleozoic era while mammals first emerged in the Mesozoic.
C
Many different species of dinosaurs lived in the Mesozoic, but they all died off in the Paleozoic.
D
Animal complexity increased during the Paleozoic while the first flowering plants appeared in the Mesozoic era.
11

Study this image of space.

Question illustration
A
a nebula
B
a red giant
C
a supernova
D
a neutron star
12

The image shows landforms in Monument Valley, Utah.

Question illustration
A
folds, strike-slip faults, and anticlines
B
anticlines, synclines, and folds
C
synclines, normal faults, and strike-slip faults
D
normal faults, folds, and anticlines
13

Study the image.

Question illustration
A
1
B
2
C
3
D
4
14

When a volcano erupts, tiny particles from which of Earth’s spheres are released into the air?

A
atmosphere
B
biosphere
C
geosphere
D
hydrosphere
15

The diagram illustrates the water cycle.

Question illustration
A
Water cycles from a nonliving to a living part of the environment.
B
Water changes from a liquid to a gas.
C
Water changes from a gas to a liquid.
D
Water cycles from a living to a nonliving part of the environment.
16

A college student has been assigned to write captions for a new textbook on gravity and motion. This is one of the pictures from the textbook.

Question illustration
A
The moon moves toward the Sun due to gravity.
B
The moon will move away from Earth because of inertia.
C
The moon would move in a circular path if there were no forces.
D
The moon would not stay in orbit without the pull of Earth's gravity.
17

NASA has developed technology for mapping the surface of Mars. Which equipment is responsible for carrying this technology on Mars?

A
2020 rover
B
Orion vehicle
C
Parker probe
D
Hubble telescope
18

At which point is crust neither created nor destroyed?

A
island chain
B
mid-ocean ridge
C
divergent boundary
D
transform boundary
19

Which statement accurately describes short-term environmental changes?

A
Short-term environmental changes cause changes in genetic makeup.
B
Short-term environmental changes do not happen suddenly with little warning.
C
Short-term environmental changes do not affect organisms within an ecosystem.
D
Short-term environmental changes immediately affect organisms in the environment.
20

Which occurs just before a volcanic eruption?

A
Lava flows onto the sides of the volcano.
B
The expanding gases push magma through the pipe.
C
A pocket of magma forms beneath the volcano.
D
New rocks are formed as lava hardens.

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