Cumulative Exam — Cumulative exam Answers

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Which two scientists’ theories supported the general consensus of the people and religious teachings of the time?

A
Aristarchus and Aristotle
B
Aristotle and Ptolemy
C
Ptolemy and Copernicus
D
Galileo and Aristarchus
22
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In which era did mammals emerge?

A
Cenozoic
B
Mesozoic
C
Paleozoic
D
Precambrian
23

Examine the image of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.

Question illustration
A
cool
B
hot
C
large
D
small
24

Which statement describes earthquakes?

A
They release energy.
B
They are caused by reduced stress in rocks.
C
They begin at the epicenter.
D
They result from movement on Earth’s surface.
25

How are S waves and surface waves similar?

A
Both arrive after P waves.
B
Both compress the ground.
C
Both travel through liquids.
D
Both produce minimal ground motion.
26

This is a map that shows hot spots around the world.

Question illustration
A
formed due to subduction
B
formed in the middle of a plate
C
formed at a divergent boundary
D
formed at a convergent boundary
27

Which two large landmasses formed when Pangaea first started to separate?

A
Africa and Europe
B
Europe and Laurasia
C
Gondwanaland and North America
D
Laurasia and Gondwanaland
28

The cryosphere is part of which sphere of the Earth system?

A
atmosphere
B
biosphere
C
geosphere
D
hydrosphere
29

Which describes one event that causes an eclipse?

A
Earth’s rotation on its axis
B
shadows from clouds covering Earth
C
Earth’s shadow covering the moon
D
the gravity from the moon and Sun pulling in the same direction
30

Look at this image of a star cluster.

Question illustration
A
open
B
binary
C
globular
D
eclipsing
31

Which list correctly names the three types of galaxies?

A
binary, open, globular
B
elliptical, open, binary
C
irregular, spiral, elliptical
D
open, irregular, spiral
32

Look at the image of the moon.

Question illustration
A
full moon
B
third quarter
C
waxing gibbous
D
waning crescent
33

Which phrases describe S waves?

A
behave like a ripple
B
move through liquids only
C
are classified as primary waves
D
are known as a type of direct evidence
34

What is the best prediction for what will happen when all of the hydrogen in the Sun has undergone fusion?

A
Helium nuclei will split to form hydrogen, and the Sun will no longer release energy.
B
Helium nuclei will split to form hydrogen, and the Sun will continue to release energy.
C
Helium nuclei will fuse to create heavier elements, but the Sun will no longer release energy.
D
Helium nuclei will fuse to create heavier elements, and the Sun will continue to release energy.
35

Jasmine is late to science class and misses the very beginning of notes for the day. These are Jasmine’s notes:–Round objects that orbit the Sun–Not large enough to have enough gravitational pull to clear the path of their orbit–4 known in the Kuiper Belt (Eris, Haumea, Makemake, and Pluto)–1 in the asteroid belt (Ceres)Jasmine later copied the title of the notes from a friend. What title did Jasmine most likely copy?

A
Comets
B
The Kuiper Belt
C
Asteroids
D
Dwarf Planets
36

Which effect of long-term environmental change is the driving force behind evolution?

A
adaptation
B
extinction
C
migration
D
speciation
37

Who rediscovered Aristarchus’s model of a heliocentric solar system?

A
Copernicus
B
Galileo
C
Kepler
D
Ptolemy
38

Which statement best describes a population that competes for reproductive purposes?

A
Animals push each other to access water.
B
Hyenas quarrel over a fresh animal kill.
C
Squirrels and chipmunks collect food for the winter months.
D
Members of the same species battle each other to protect their young.
39

Which force keeps the planets from floating off into space?

A
Earth’s gravity
B
the Sun’s gravity
C
the moon’s gravity
D
Milky Way’s gravity
40

Which statement places events during the Space Race in the correct order from the earliest to the most recent?

A
NASA was established, US satellite Explorer launched, first man walked on the moon, first man orbited the Earth
B
first man walked on the moon, first man orbited the Earth, NASA was established, US satellite Explorer launched
C
US satellite Explorer launched, NASA was established, first man orbited the Earth, first man walked on the moon
D
first man orbited the Earth, first man walked on the moon, US satellite Explorer launched, NASA was established

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