AnswersFall 24 GSE Biology B-ICHuman Impact on the Environment

Human Impact on the Environment — Cumulative exam Answers

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21
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A student studies a plant specimen. The student notices that the plant has seeds that are enclosed by a fruit. Which term can the student use to definitely describe the plant based on the evidence that they see?

A
angiosperm
B
gymnosperm
C
monocot
D
dicot
22
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Consider the diagram of the basic structure of bacteria.Which of the labeled structures in the diagram allows bacteria to infect organisms under harsh conditions, such as in the acidic stomach?

Question illustration
A
A
B
B
C
C
D
D
23

Consider the cladogram.Which is the best description of the two organisms highlighted in orange?

Question illustration
A
They are separated by two nodes.
B
They share a recent common ancestor.
C
They belong to the same species.
D
They are ancestors of each other.
24

It can be seen on a cladogram that modern birds and reptiles share a common ancestor. Select the piece of evidence that best supports this idea.

A
Reptiles are also related to mammals.
B
Birds have evolved into many groups.
C
Feathers are a derived characteristic that first evolved in reptiles.
D
Birds have the derived characteristic of being warm blooded, like mammals.
25

The body obtains sugar from food. Which system most directly affects blood sugar levels?

A
respiratory
B
muscular
C
circulatory
D
digestive
26

Which best explains why angiosperms are the most diverse and successful plant group today?

A
Reproduction is aided by flowers, protected seeds, and insect pollinators.
B
Water transport and photosynthesis are aided by vascular tissue.
C
Plant growth and increasing size are aided by a new way to distribute nutrients.
D
Reproduction is aided by exposed seeds and wind pollination.
27

What is most likely to happen to a population of mice that becomes isolated on an island?

A
Many different species will form as they evolve and fill different niches on the island.
B
The population of mice will adapt to life on the island but will still be able to breed with the mainland population.
C
Many different species that are capable of breeding with each other will form.
D
The population of mice will evolve into a new species of mouse that is adapted to all the different niches that are found on the island.
28

Which is the last section of the digestive system?

A
small intestine
B
liver
C
large intestine
D
rectum
29

Which reason best explains why bacteria are good at causing infections in other organisms?

A
It would not be able to divide.
B
Bacteria are transmitted easily and reproduce quickly.
C
Bacteria evolve slowly as they pass on genetic information.
D
Bacteria are easily killed by a host’s immune system or antibiotics.
30

Why is sustainable use of natural resources important?

A
to ensure that natural resources are available for future generations
B
to help make daily life simpler by providing what every person needs
C
to encourage scientists to make new and elaborate discoveries
D
to prevent the exchange of resources from one region to another
31

Consider the cladogram.Which is the best description of the two organisms highlighted in orange?

Question illustration
A
They are separated by two nodes.
B
They share a recent common ancestor.
C
They belong to the same species.
D
They are ancestors of each other.
32

Justine was feeling very sick. She went to the doctor, who told her she had a bacterial infection and withdrew blood for blood work.Which component in Justine’s blood would be higher than normal?

A
plasma
B
white blood cells
C
red blood cells
D
platelets
33

Scientists group organisms into kingdoms by looking at specific characteristics. Thermus aquaticus, shown below, is a specialized bacteria called a thermophile. Thermophiles are microorganisms that can live in bodies of water that are extremely hot, such as deep sea hydrothermal vents.Which characteristic most likely describes a mushroom but not Thermus aquaticus?

Question illustration
A
cell wall
B
eukaryotic
C
unicellular
D
prokaryotic
34

Which action is a physical change in digestion?

A
producing enzymes for nutrient absorption
B
absorbing nutrients from food
C
mashing food with teeth
D
salivating to break food into carbohydrates
35

Which best describes the different modes of bacterial reproduction?

A
In genetic recombination, two new genetically identical cells are produced.
B
In conjugation, a special sex pilus is required to connect two bacterial cells.
C
In transduction, a bacterium exchanges a piece of its own DNA with another from the environment.
D
In transformation, bacterial DNA is transferred from one bacterium to another by a replicating virus.
36

Consider the recent phylogenetic tree of five different organisms. Old classification systems based on physical characteristics would most likely disagree with the relationship between which two animals in the tree?

Question illustration
A
crocodiles and insects
B
bats and humans
C
birds and bats
D
humans and crocodiles
37

Consider the diagram of the basic structure of bacteria.Which of the labeled structures in the diagram allows bacteria to infect organisms under harsh conditions, such as in the acidic stomach?

Question illustration
A
A
B
B
C
C
D
D
38

Which animals form a eusocial society?

A
ants
B
cheetahs
C
polar bears
D
moose
39

What is the main component of the thin filaments in muscle fibers and is responsible for muscle contraction?

A
actin
B
myosin
C
ATP
D
DNA
40

Pandas eat bamboo for energy. What are pandas classified as?

A
producers
B
consumers
C
decomposers
D
autotrophs

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