Answers41111de1 ECAD Fall 2026 - Q2 - NM-Biology - S1Lab: Mouse Genetics (One Trait)

Lab: Mouse Genetics (One Trait) — Cumulative exam Answers

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21
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Which is not something that occurs in translation?

A
A codon and an anticodon pair.
B
A peptide bond is created.
C
A molecule of mRNA is formed.
D
An amino acid is added to a polypeptide.
22
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Which best defines a diploid cell during meiosis?

A
a cell that has double the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
B
a cell that has half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
C
a cell that has double the number of chromosomes as the daughter cell
D
a cell that has half the number of chromosomes as the daughter cell
23

Two cells in the same organism differ only in the number of chloroplasts they contain. The first cell has multiple chloroplasts, and the second cell has very few. What would most likely characterize these cells?

A
There would be no difference between the functioning of the cells because the chloroplasts are not essential cell structures.
B
The second cell would become larger because it would have fewer chloroplasts regulating its size and shape.
C
The second cell would shrink because it would not be able to store water and maintain cell shape.
D
The second cell would not be able to produce as much food because it could not capture very much sunlight.
24

Some flowering plants appear to have offspring that have traits that are intermediate between those of the parents. Which type of dominance is exhibited by the offspring?

A
complete dominance
B
blended dominance
C
codominance
D
incomplete dominance
25

Round seeds and yellow seed color are dominant to wrinkled seeds and green seed color. Which Punnett square represents the correct way to set up the cross RRYy ´ RrYY?

A
A 4-column Punnett square has 4 rows. The columns are labeled Upper R Upper Y, Upper R y, r Upper Y, r y. The rows are labeled Upper R Upper Y, Upper R y, r Upper y, r y.
Option A
B
A 4-column Punnett square has 4 rows. The columns are labeled Upper R Upper Y, Upper R y, r Upper Y, r y. The rows are labeled Upper R Upper Y, Upper R y, Upper R Upper y, Upper R y.
Option B
C
A 4-column Punnett square has 4 rows. The columns are labeled Upper R Upper Y, Upper R Upper Y, r Upper Y, r Upper Y. The rows are labeled Upper R Upper Y, Upper R y, Upper R Upper Y, Upper R y.
Option C
D
A 4-column Punnett square has 4 rows. The columns are labeled Upper R Upper Y, Upper R Upper Y, r Upper Y, r Upper Y. The rows are labeled Upper R Upper Y, Upper R Upper Y, Upper R Upper Y, Upper R Upper y.
Option D
26

The chemical equation below summarizes the process of photosynthesis.6CO2 + 6H2O + energy à 6O2 + C6H12O6Where is the energy shown in the equation transferred as a result of photosynthesis?

A
into water
B
into the air
C
into sugars
D
into the ground
27

A plant that has round and yellow seeds (RrYy) is crossed with a plant that has round and yellow seeds (RrYy). What is the ratio of the offspring that will have round and yellow seeds?Key: R = round r = wrinkled Y = yellow y = green

A
1:16
B
3:16
C
8:16
D
9:16
28

Which organelles are not found in plant cells?

A
vacuoles
B
mitochondria
C
chloroplasts
D
centrioles
29

Which scientific design has limitations due to oversimplification?

A
In a study of the interaction of air quality and crop yields, a computer compiles data that are collected by farmers from countries around the world.
B
In a study of the effectiveness of a new drug on cholesterol, rhesus monkeys receive different strengths of the drug over a period of six weeks.
C
In a study of the relationships between plants and their pollinators, researchers observe twenty plant plots in a meadow every day for three months.
D
In a study of the effect of lawn fertilizer on the health of a backyard pond, biologists grow two colonies of duckweed in a large flask to represent pond ecosystems.
30

Some flowering plants appear to have offspring that have traits that are intermediate between those of the parents. Which type of dominance is exhibited by the offspring?

A
complete dominance
B
blended dominance
C
codominance
D
incomplete dominance
31

Tissue cultures (samples of cancer cells) are taken from cancer patients, and the cells are then grown in a laboratory. What is the purpose of growing cancer cells in a laboratory?

A
to test medicinal treatments before giving them to patients
B
to replace cancer cells with healthy cells
C
to provide evidence of cancer cells in the patient
D
to stop the cancer from growing in the patient
32

Sometimes new information results in minor changes to a theory. But sometimes new information results in a theory being discarded as incorrect. An example of an incorrect theory that was disproved by the discovery of new information is

A
Ptolemy’s theory of the solar system.
B
the original cell theory.
C
the germ theory.
D
plate tectonic theory.
33

Shannon is making a Venn diagram to organize the characteristics of cell walls and cell membranes. Which pair of characteristics both belong in the two areas of the Venn diagram that do not intersect?

A
helps with communication; contains mostly cellulose
B
contains mostly cellulose; forms the outer layer of animal cells
C
is found in plant cells; is found in animal cells
D
is semipermeable; found in animal cells
34

Which is not something that occurs in translation?

A
A codon and an anticodon pair.
B
A peptide bond is created.
C
A molecule of mRNA is formed.
D
An amino acid is added to a polypeptide.
35

A researcher is collecting qualitative data pertaining to social behaviors of deer at different times of the day. How will she most likely need to organize this data?

A
in a pie graph
B
in a bar graph
C
in a line graph
D
in a data table
36

The pedigree traces red-green color blindness. Which family members have red-green color blindness?

Question illustration
A
Sam, Tim, Bella, and Joshua
B
Lisa and Monica
C
Ben, Jenny, Mike, Carol, Katie, and Chris
D
Sam, Joshua, and Tim
37

How are mitochondria similar to chloroplasts?

A
Both have many layers of membranes.
B
Both contain molecules of chlorophyll.
C
Both are found in the cells of consumers.
D
Both are needed for cells to store energy.
38

Which factor will best help a scientist produce valid experimental results?

A
having many different independent and dependent variables
B
graphing results by using both graphing calculators and computers
C
using large sample sizes and multiple replications of an experiment
D
reporting the data that were collected and evaluations of the experimental procedure
39

What is the primary purpose of writing a lab report?

A
to summarize the rules of the laboratory to the students who will use it
B
to communicate the specifics of an experiment that was conducted
C
to record observations in an organized format during the experiment
D
to record which days a student worked in the laboratory
40

Which is a function of the cell membrane?

A
performs photosynthesis
B
controls what enters and leaves the cell
C
produces proteins
D
provides energy to the cell

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Lab: Mouse Genetics (One Trait)