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Cumulative Exam — Cumulative exam Answers

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1
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Which particles that make up an atom are involved in nuclear reactions?

A
protons only
B
protons and neutrons
C
electrons only
D
electrons and neutrons
2
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Consider the equation below.Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2The mole ratio of zinc to zinc sulfate is

Question illustration
A
1:1.
B
1:2.
C
2:1.
D
3:1.
3

Which defines the average kinetic energy of a system’s particles?

A
density
B
pressure
C
temperature
D
volume
4

Why is citric acid added to food?

A
to add color
B
to add tartness
C
to add bitterness
D
to add sweetness
5

Consider the reaction below.2Al2O3 4Al + 3O2How many moles of oxygen are produced if 11.0 mol of Al are produced?

Question illustration
A
8.25 mol
B
11.0 mol
C
14.7 mol
D
16.5 mol
6

How does litmus paper identify a base?

A
A base turns red litmus blue.
B
A base turns blue litmus red.
C
A base turns orange litmus red.
D
A base turns yellow litmus blue.
7

Which of these factors will cause a solid solute to dissolve faster?

A
increasing the air temperature
B
increasing the amount of solute
C
increasing the amount of solvent
D
increasing the surface area of solute
8

The ideal gas constant, R has several different values that could be used. Which quantity causes these differences?

A
pressure
B
temperature
C
volume
D
moles
9

An ice cube is dropped into a glass of milk at 20°C. Which statement explains the transfer of kinetic energy (KE)?

A
Because milk has higher KE than ice, KE is transferred from the milk to the molecules of ice.
B
Because milk has higher KE than ice, KE is transferred from the molecules of ice to the milk.
C
Because ice has higher KE than milk, KE is transferred from the milk to the molecules of ice.
D
Because ice has higher KE than milk, KE is transferred from the molecules of ice to the milk.
10

After a radioactive atom decays, it is the same element that it was before with no measurable change in mass. Which kind of decay has occurred, and how do you know?

A
alpha decay because alpha particles have no mass
B
beta decay because this kind of decay cannot change one element into another
C
alpha decay because it creates a new isotope of the same element
D
gamma decay because photons have no mass
11

When ammonium chloride is dissolved in water, the beaker gets cold. Which type of reaction does this describe?

A
exothermic
B
endothermic
C
both exothermic and endothermic
D
neither exothermic nor endothermic
12

If an unshielded sample of radioactive material emits alpha particles, what effect will it have on a person sitting in the next room? (Assume the wall between rooms is composed of concrete.)

A
None, because the wall will block the radiation.
B
The radiation will travel through the person’s body.
C
None, because the radiation will bounce off the person’s body.
D
The radiation will be totally absorbed by the person’s body.
13

Consider the balanced equation below. What is the mole ratio of PCl3 to PCl5?

Question illustration
A
1:1
B
2:1
C
3:5
D
5:3
14

Consider the reaction below.Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) Cu(s) + FeSO4(aq)Which reactant is a substance that is dissolved in solution?

Question illustration
A
Fe
B
Cu
C
CuSO4
D
FeSO4
15

Which statement describes the law of conservation of energy?

A
All systems will exchange matter and energy with their surroundings.
B
All systems can exchange energy, but not matter, with their surroundings.
C
Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, but it changes from one form to another.
D
Energy is destroyed in most chemical reactions when new products are formed.
16

The volume of a gas decreases to half of its original volume, but the gas maintains the same number of moles and temperature. According to the ideal gas law, what will most likely happen to the pressure?

A
It will double.
B
It will decrease.
C
It will increase slightly.
D
It will remain the same.
17

Several substances are labeled on the pH scale below.Which substance has the lowest [H+] concentration but is still considered an acid?

Question illustration
A
milk
B
blood
C
gastric fluid
D
household lye
18

An unknown substance turns methyl orange solution red. This shows that the substance

A
is a base.
B
is water.
C
is an acid.
D
is an alkaloid.
19

Which term refers to the formation of ions as a result of a chemical reaction?

A
dissociation
B
electrolyte
C
hydration
D
ionization
20

A large atom decays and emits a particle. After the reaction is complete, the atom’s mass has changed substantially. What kind of particle has most likely been emitted?

A
alpha particle
B
beta particle
C
positron
D
photon

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