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Cumulative Exam — Cumulative exam Answers

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Water is dissolved into n-butanol (a polar liquid). Which is the second step at the molecular level as water dissolves into n-butanol?

A
n-Butanol mixes with water.
B
Water molecules are carried into n-butanol.
C
n-Butanol molecules surround water molecules.
D
n-Butanol molecules are attracted to the surface of the water molecules.
2
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Which represents the ionization of a strong electrolyte?

A
CH3OH(l) CH3OH(aq)
Option A
B
K3PO4(s) 3K+(aq) + PO43–(aq)
Option B
C
H2CO3(aq) H+(aq) + HCO3–(aq)
Option C
D
CH3COOH(aq) + H2O(l) H3O+(aq) + CH3COO–(aq)
Option D
3

How does heat differ from temperature?

A
Temperature is the measure of heat.
B
Temperature and heat are the same thing.
C
Temperature measures thermal energy, and heat is the flow of thermal energy.
D
Temperature measures the loss of energy, and heat measures the gain of energy.
4

Two cups of coffee, one that is at 10°C and one that is at 20°C, are mixed. Which statement about the temperature of the mixture is correct?

A
There is no kinetic energy transfer so the temperature of the coffee in the warmer cup is the final temperature.
B
The kinetic theory dictates that the temperature of the coffee in the cooler cup is the final temperature.
C
Energy is transferred from faster moving molecules to slower moving molecules, and the result is the average of 15°C.
D
Energy transfer occurs as the molecules collide, and the result is additive; the final temperature is 30°C.
5

What is a common use of bases?

A
as a component of vinegar
B
as a component of car batteries
C
to make foods tart
D
to reduce indigestion
6

The expression below was formed by combining different gas laws. Which law was used to determine the relationship between the volume and the number of moles in this equation?

Question illustration
A
Boyle’s law
B
Charles’s law
C
Avogadro’s law
D
Gay-Lussac’s law
7

Consider the balanced equation below.N2H4 + 2H2O2 N2 + 4H2OWhat are the mole ratios of hydrazine (N2H4) to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydrazine to water?

Question illustration
A
1:2 and 1:4
B
1:3 and 1:4
C
1:2 and 3:5
D
1:3 and 3:5
8

Consider the reaction below.2C6H14 + 19O2 12CO2 + 14H2OHow many moles of hexane (C6H14) must burn to form 18.4 mol of carbon dioxide?

Question illustration
A
1.53 mol
B
3.07 mol
C
110. mol
D
175. mol
9

Ca(OH)2 is added to a large beaker of water. How is the solution different from the original water?

A
The solution turns blue litmus to red.
B
The solution turns phenolphthalein pink.
C
The solution has more hydrogen ions.
D
The solution has fewer hydroxide ions.
10

Which is the first step in the dissolving process?

A
The solute becomes like the solvent.
B
The solute molecules are carried into the solution.
C
The solvent molecules surround the solute particles.
D
The solvent molecules are attracted to particles at the surface of the solute.
11

The pOH of a solution is 6.0. Which statement is correct?Use and .

Question illustration
A
The pH of the solution is 20.0.
B
The concentration of OH– ions is .
Option B
C
The concentration of OH– ions is .
Option C
D
The pH of the solution is 8.0.
12

Pure water at 25°C

A
ionizes in the presence of acid to form an equilibrium in which
Option A
B
ionizes in the presence of acid to form an equilibrium in which
Option B
C
self-ionizes to form an equilibrium in which
Option C
D
self-ionizes to form an equilibrium in which
Option D
13

A chemistry journal requires that all new research papers be peer reviewed by other scientists before they are published. This allows which of the following?

A
The reviewers can determine the experiment’s feasibility.
B
The reviewers can determine the experiment’s validity.
C
The reviewers can include their own findings with the research.
D
The reviewers can determine if they will help fund the research.
14

A gas in a rigid container at 25°C has a pressure of 0.96 atm. A change in temperature causes the pressure to increase to 1.25 atm. What is the new temperature of the gas?Use .

Question illustration
A
–44.2°C
B
32.6°C
C
115°C
D
388°C
15

The volume of a fixed amount of gas is doubled, and the absolute temperature is doubled. According to the ideal gas law, how has the pressure of the gas changed?

A
It has increased to two times its original value.
B
It has increased to four times its original value.
C
It has decreased to one-half its original value.
D
It has stayed the same.
16

Which is a characteristic of nuclear fission?

A
releases nonradioactive waste only
B
involves the collision of two nuclei
C
releases small amounts of energy compared to fossil fuels
D
involves the splitting of an atom into two or more fragments
17

Molecules in all organisms are composed in part of radioactive carbon-14. Which statement best explains the presence of carbon-14 in organisms?

A
The radioactive isotope reacts in the same way as stable isotopes in the nuclear reactions in the body.
B
The radioactive isotope reacts in the same way as stable isotopes in the chemical reactions in the body.
C
The radioactive isotope reacts faster than stable isotopes in the nuclear reactions in the body.
D
The radioactive isotope reacts faster than stable isotopes in the chemical reactions in the body.
18

A mixture of three noble gases has a total pressure of 1.25 atm. The individual pressures exerted by neon and argon are 0.68 atm and 0.35 atm, respectively. What is the partial pressure of the third gas, helium?Use .

Question illustration
A
0.22 atm
B
0.33 atm
C
1.03 atm
D
2.28 atm
19

Which is an example of ionization?

A
C + O2 CO2
Option A
B
H2CO3 H2O + CO2
Option B
C
SO2 + H2O HSO3– + H+
Option C
D
Mg(OH)2 Mg2+ + 2OH–
Option D
20

A solar panel combines multiple photovoltaic cells. Which type of energy is used to power a solar panel?

A
kinetic energy
B
thermal energy
C
electromagnetic energy
D
gravitational potential energy

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