AnswersKY-Earth Space Science BUnit Test

Unit Test — Cumulative exam Answers

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1
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Which causes objects in the universe to resist a change in speed or direction?

A
gravity
B
inertia
C
motion
D
orbit
2
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In a field, water flows down through the soil and then through a layer of loose rocks before the flow stops.What type of material did the water most likely encounter when it stopped?

A
a layer of granite
B
another soil layer
C
a layer of rocks with cracks
D
another layer of loose rocks
3

Which correctly lists three characteristics of minerals?

s
solid, crystal structure, definite chemical composition
o
organic, crystal structure, definite chemical composition
h
human-made, solid, organic
c
crystal structure, definite chemical composition, human-made
4

Why is the unsaturated zone not filled with water?

A
It is below the water table and water stays above it.
B
It is clay and water pools above it.
C
It is granite and water flows around it.
D
It is permeable and water flows through it.
5

Which statement best describes wavelengths of sunlight that are longer than 700 nanometers?

A
These wavelengths form the infrared part of the spectrum.
B
These wavelengths form the ultraviolet light of the spectrum.
C
These wavelengths are shorter than the wavelengths of visible light.
D
These wavelengths are part of the visible light spectrum.
6

Clara made a chart to summarize some of the evidence that supports the big bang theory.Which best describes Clara’s error?

Question illustration
A
During redshift, the light source and observer move closer together, not farther apart.
B
The CMB is blue-shifted, not red-shifted, to the microwave region.
C
The temperature of the CMB is cooler, not hotter, than at the time of the big bang.
D
The redshift indicates approaching, not receding, galaxies.
7

Which belt is a global wind belt found in the middle latitudes?

A
doldrums
B
jet streams
C
trade winds
D
prevailing westerlies
8

Which action destroys topsoil?

A
mowing land
B
adding nutrients to soil
C
plowing land without replanting
D
sowing seeds in land
9

Solar winds have an influence all the way to about 160 AU from the Sun. About how many kilometers is that?

A
24,000,000,000 km
B
48,000,000,000 km
C
240,000,000,000 km
D
480,000,000,000 km
10

What is the Milky Way?

a
a spiral galaxy in which Earth is located
a
an elliptical galaxy in which Earth is located
a
an irregular galaxy in which Earth is located
t
the closest galaxy to the one in which Earth is located
11

What does relative humidity measure?

A
the amount of water in cirrus clouds
B
the amount of water that has evaporated into the air
C
the amount of frozen water that has condensed from the air
D
the amount of water vapor in the air compared to the amount the air can hold
12

Which describes the two ways that energy is measured?

A
in convection and in temperature
B
in temperature and in radiation
C
in radiation and in convection
D
in wavelength and in temperature
13

How does altitude affect climate patterns in a region?

A
Areas at high elevations have cooler temperatures.
B
Air continues to warm as it rises to a higher elevation.
C
Tropical regions do not have many differences in altitude.
D
High-altitude areas have less variation in seasonal temperatures.
14

What percentage of light hits Earth’s surface directly?

A
3 percent
B
5 percent
C
31 percent
D
47 percent
15

Which statement best describes monsoons?

A
They force cool, moist air from oceans to rise.
B
They are winds that blow in the opposite direction of a normal wind.
C
They bring heavy rain in the winter and in the summer.
D
They influence precipitation as wind moves near a mountain.
16

Which climate is a subcategory of temperate marine climates?

A
arid
B
humid subtropical
C
humid continental
D
tundra
17

Which diagram correctly describes the changes that occur as a small piece of rock falls from space and hits the Earth?

A
Option
Option A
B
Option
Option B
C
Option
Option C
D
Option
Option D
18

Which is a type of star system?

A
dim stars
B
solar system planets
C
wobbling stars
D
globular clusters
19

What did Johannes Kepler contribute to the study of planets?

A
He formulated the universal law of gravitation.
B
He identified the first moons of Jupiter.
C
He collected detailed data that led to the proposal of the heliocentric model.
D
He provided mathematical support for the heliocentric model.
20

Which is a natural factor that causes long-term climate change?

A
Earth’s position
B
pollen grains
C
fossils
D
ice cores

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