AnswersEAP-Biology B CRThe Digestive System

The Digestive System — Cumulative exam Answers

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1
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Which best describes the top and bottom images of muscle contraction?

Question illustration
A
The top image is in step 2, and the bottom image is in step 1.
B
The top image is in step 1, and the bottom image is in step 3.
C
Both images are in step 1.
D
Both images are in step 3.
2
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What hypothesis did Darwin investigate by studying the breeding of pigeons with distinctive traits?

A
New species can appear gradually through small changes in an ancestral species.
B
The amount of variation in a population is related to the type of environment it lives in.
C
Organisms have only the number of offspring that are supported by the environment.
D
Some traits appear in each generation, while others seem to disappear in some generations.
3

Which scenario breaks the law of segregation?

A
a gamete contains the father’s allele
B
the gametes produced each have 1 allele after meiosis II
C
a gamete produced has 2 of the same alleles after meiosis II
D
the gamete fertilized has the dominant trait
4

Which component of the cardiovascular system allows the body to function by supplying the cells with oxygen?

A
red blood cells
B
white blood cells
C
platelets
D
plasma
5

Stella is stressed about her upcoming midterm exams. Which glands are managing that stress during the tests?

A
reproductive and pancreas
B
thyroid and parathyroids
C
hypothalamus and pineal
D
pituitary and adrenals
7

The pedigree traces red-green color blindness. Which family members have red-green color blindness?

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A
Sam, Tim, Bella, and Joshua
B
Lisa and Monica
C
Ben, Jenny, Mike, Carol, Katie, and Chris
D
Sam, Joshua, and Tim
8

Saul makes the analogy that the body is like a school. Which is the best analogy for the central nervous system?

A
the cafeteria
B
the students
C
the principal
D
the buses
9

These notes were taken during a class about biological evolution, but the subject title is missing. -results from immigration -new genes brought into a population -variation in a population increasesWhat do the notes describe?

A
gene flow
B
natural selection
C
genetic drift
D
mutation
10

Consider the cladogram.According to the cladogram, which characteristic was used to separate bony fish from amphibians?

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A
jaws
B
cartilage
C
bony skeleton
D
lungs
11

Pedigrees help geneticists understand how traits are inherited between generations. Red-green color blindness is a sex-linked disorder that is determined by a recessive allele on the X chromosome.If Brian has a son who is color-blind, what is known about the genotype of the son's mother?

Question illustration
A
She must have at least one allele for color blindness.
B
She must have two alleles for color blindness.
C
She cannot be homozygous recessive for the gene for color blindness.
D
She cannot be a heterozygous carrier of the gene for color blindness.
12

A cross is performed between a bird that is homozygous for red feathers and a bird that is homozygous for blue feathers. Purple offspring result due to incomplete dominance. Then, two of the purple offspring are crossed. What proportion of the offspring from the second cross will be purple?

A
1 in 4
B
2 in 4
C
3 in 4
D
4 in 4
13

Which describes gas exchange in the respiratory system?

A
Gas exchange happens through diffusion.
B
Gas exchange removes oxygen from the body.
C
Gas exchange occurs between the body’s cells and bronchi.
D
Gas exchange protects the body against foreign invaders.
15

Which represents the cross between parent plants if one is heterozygous and has yellow-colored pods and the other is homozygous and has green-colored pods?

A
Yy ´ yy
B
YY ´ yy
C
Yy ´ Yy
D
yy ´ yy
16

Populations of organisms that exhibit a high degree of variation have a greater chance for survival than populations of organisms that show little variation. This statement is

A
always true.
B
usually true.
C
rarely true.
D
never true.
18

The epidermis of the skin consists of many layers of tightly packed cells. The outermost layer of cells is dead. Which best describes why this occurs?

A
Chemical compounds containing digestive enzymes are located on the outside of the skin, and they destroy the cells.
B
Blood vessels are not located in the epidermis, but in the underlying dermal connective tissue.
C
The outer layer of skin is nervous tissue and nervous tissue will not regenerate.
D
Pathogens on the skin secrete toxins that affect the cellular structure, thus destroying the cell.
19

Consider the generalized cladogram of fish.Osteichthyes is a group of fish that have the derived characteristics of jaws and true bones. Which letter corresponds to where Osteichthyes belongs on the cladogram?

Question illustration
A
A
B
B
C
C
D
D
20

Fossils provide scientists with evidence that allows them to hypothesize how living organisms have evolved over time. Tiktaalik roseae was a unique organism that has been nicknamed the “fishapod” because it is believed to be a species had traits of both fish and tetrapods, the first four-legged animals.Which evidence would scientist use to make the connection between ancestry of fish and tetrapods using Tiktaalik roseae?

Question illustration
A
using transitional forms
B
using relative dating
C
studying decreasing complexity
D
studying analogous structures

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