Cultural and Intellectual Trends — Cumulative exam Answers

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1
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What is the most likely reason that nations raised tariffs on imports during the Great Depression?

A
They wanted to help other nations profit from trade.
B
They wanted to terminate all trade with other nations.
C
They wanted to increase sales of their own products.
D
They wanted to encourage more profitable imports.
2
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What were some of the natural resources that attracted Europeans to Africa in the 1800s? Choose four answers.

A
land for farming
B
gold and diamonds
C
ivory
D
rubber and palm oil
E
petroleum and coal
3

What caused Egypt’s troubles in the 1800s? Check all that apply.

A
rapid industrial expansion
B
reliance on cotton crops
C
social reforms
D
government spending
E
French interference
4

Who discovered how gravity affects objects on Earth?

A
Francis Bacon
B
René Descartes
C
Robert Boyle
D
Isaac Newton
5

Which statements accurately describe José de San Martín, a powerful criollo leader? Select four options.

A
José de San Martín led Argentine rebels against the Spanish colonial government.
B
José de San Martín supported the Spanish colonial government against Argentine rebels.
C
José de San Martín seized control of the army from Bolivar.
D
José de San Martín gave control of the army to Bolivar.
E
José de San Martín led an army over the Andes mountains to Chile.
F
José de San Martín served in the army during the Napoleonic Wars.
6

Why was the Russian army near collapse by 1916?

A
The army wanted Russia to become a province of Germany.
B
Russian workers had stopped producing needed goods.
C
Communists had seized the means of production.
D
The army was low on food, supplies, and ammunition.
7

Which best describes the overall type of art that emerged in the postwar period?

A
surreal
B
abstract
C
realistic
D
cubist
8

Events following the Civil War resulted in

A
the slowing of industrial progress.
B
the devastation of natural resources.
C
the US Industrial Revolution.
D
the Second Industrial Revolution.
9

Which of the following statements best reflects the point of view of an imperialist? Choose four answers.

A
“My country is better than all other countries.”
B
“We have much to learn from the cultures of other peoples.”
C
“It is our duty to help civilize people less cultured than us.”
D
“My country can benefit from the rich resources of other countries.”
E
“People are the same all over the world.”
F
“God approves of my country’s plans to set up new colonies.”
10

The Ottoman Empire grew and expanded after it conquered the

A
Mughal Empire.
B
Byzantine Empire.
C
Gupta Empire.
D
Roman Empire.
11

The Second Industrial Revolution in the United States resulted in the rapid growth of

A
government.
B
unions.
C
taxes.
D
cities.
12

A reason that many city workers lived in unhealthy conditions was

A
there was no garbage collection or sewage service.
B
people from rural areas introduced new diseases.
C
landlords were not allowed to improve their buildings.
D
people often did not clean up after themselves.
13

Which is a true statement about the Open Door policy?

A
The idea for the policy was opposed by the United States.
B
All nations did not want to pay taxes equally.
C
All nations should have equal access to ports of trade.
D
The idea for the policy came from Britain and France.
14

The single greatest benefit that capitalism provides is that it enables human choice. Capitalism establishes a social contract that makes it possible for individuals to exercise their franchise and free agency. It gives people the ability to be secure in themselves and their possessions and, having provided security, it enables people to assume risk that they were previously unwilling to assume. It creates the necessary conditions for people to escape poverty and create wealth for themselves and for others.

A
allows the government to help individuals.
B
protects workers from unfair practices.
C
provides individuals with freedom of choice.
D
helps entrepreneurs avoid risk and danger.
15

In a free market, the price of goods is set by

A
government officials.
B
the consumer.
C
the producer.
D
workers and owners.
16

What happened to Indigenous peoples in the Americas after 1492?

A
They began growing tea and coffee.
B
Most perished from disease.
C
Their population decreased by nearly twenty percent.
D
They began selling horses for gold.
17

What was one change established by the British raj in India?

A
The British raj wrote reports to investors about trading profits.
B
The British raj built a private army made up of Indian soldiers.
C
The British raj created a civil-service system to rule the country.
D
The British raj set up a bribery system to keep local leaders in line.
18

Which electric appliance emerged in the postwar era?

A
the vacuum cleaner
B
the clothes dryer
C
the sewing machine
D
the stove/oven
19

Both the Magna Carta and the Petition of Right addressed issues related to

A
war.
B
property.
C
taxation.
D
religion.
20

Why was the Petition of Right (1628) of such importance?

A
It gave the king unlimited power.
B
It stated that the law was higher than the king.
C
It restored the monarchy.
D
It made Puritanism the official religion of England.

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