Answers350CR Integrated ScienceStates of Matter

First Law of Thermodynamics Answers

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1
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Three hundred joules of heat are added to a system. The system uses 140 joules to do work.

A
140 J
B
160 J
C
240 J
D
440 J
2
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The diagrams show the four primary steps in the production of work in a four-stroke heat engine.What is the correct order in which these steps occur?

Question illustration
A
Y, W, X, Z
B
X, Z, W, Y
C
W, X, Y, Z
D
Z, X, Y, W
3

A steam turbine is a device in which high-pressure steam enters the turbine and causes blades to spin. The spinning blades have mechanical energy.

A
The turbine absorbs heat, which creates kinetic energy in the system and produces work to turn the blades.
B
The turbine destroys some of the thermal energy in the steam, which generates work and turns the blades.
C
The turbine generates heat from the steam, and some of the heat creates work and turns the blades.
D
Some of the heat used to make the steam is transformed into work as the steam pushes against the blades to make them turn.
5

Thermodynamics is the study of the relationship between thermal energy and

A
mass.
B
other forms of energy.
C
types of engines.
D
temperature.
6

In the formula used to solve problems related to the first law of thermodynamics, what does Q represent?

A
internal energy
B
heat
C
work
D
external energy
7

Sienna made a chart listing the steps that describe how a four-stroke heat engine operates.Which best describes Sienna’s error?

Question illustration
A
The descriptions for intake and ignition should be switched with one another.
B
During compression, temperature does not increase, it decreases.
C
Compression happens before ignition, so it should be step 2.
D
The piston moves down, not up, during the exhaust step.
8

During an adiabatic process in a closed system, what happens to a gas when the gas expands?

A
Its temperature increases.
B
Its temperature decreases.
C
Its molecules gain mass.
D
Its molecules lose mass.
9

The diagram shows a sealed container, which represents a closed system.

Question illustration
A
Some kinetic energy would be produced.
B
Some kinetic energy would be destroyed.
C
The kinetic energy of the molecules would increase.
D
The kinetic energy of the molecules would decrease.
10

Which best describes a characteristic of an adiabatic process?

A
Heat is absorbed but not released by the system.
B
All heat added to the system is transformed into work.
C
There is a gradual shift between compression and expansion of a gas.
D
When gas is compressed in the system, temperature remains constant.

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